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作者：Huang, Jin; Watanabe, Ayumi; Kanaya, Moeko; Gomi, Ayano; Yokoyama, Haruka; Ishii, Hikari; Nakamura, Yusuke; Azuma, Morio; Konno, Norifumi; Kaiya, Hiroyuki; Sakai, Takafumi; Sakata, Ichiro
作者单位：Saitama University; Jichi Medical University; University of Toyama; Saitama University; Saitama University
摘要：The intestinal-derived hormone motilin, a peptide belonging to the ghrelin family, induces strong gastric contractions and hunger sensations. However, whether motilin regulates food intake and its association with gastric motility remains unclear. Rodents are unsuitable for animal studies of motilin function, as both the motilin and motilin-receptor genes exist only as pseudogenes in their genomes. In this study, investigated the role of motilin on food intake by simultaneously monitoring gast...
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作者：Huchard, Elise; Kappeler, Peter M.; Smit, Nikolaos; Fichtel, Claudia; Lukas, Dieter
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Montpellier; Leibniz Association; Deutsches Primatenzentrum (DPZ); University of Gottingen; Max Planck Society
摘要：Historically, it was widely assumed that males dominate females socially in most mammals. However, recent studies revealed significant variation within and among species, opening new possibilities to explore the extent and drivers of sex biases in dominance relations. This study uses quantitative data from 253 populations across 121 primate species to investigate the distribution of, and factors associated with, sex biases in the outcome of male-female contests. We first showed that male-femal...
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作者：Shaked, Ron; Katz, Michael; Dvashi, Hadas Cohen -; Diskin, Ron
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：The human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) is a retrovirus that got assimilated into the human genome in ancient times and has been inherited in our germline ever since. It enters cells using a class-I spike protein (Env) that mediates receptor recognition and membrane fusion. On top of having a biological role during development, HERV-K is activated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, various cancers, and other pathological conditions. Antibodies that target the HERV-K spike complex have therap...
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作者：Chen, Chuqiao; Narvaez, Carina D. V. Martinez; Chang, Nina; Jimenez, Carlos Medina; Dennis, Joseph M.; Jaeger, Heinrich M.; Rowan, Stuart J.; de Pablo, Juan J.
作者单位：University of Chicago; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; US Army Research, Development & Engineering Command (RDECOM); US Army Research Laboratory (ARL); University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; New York University; New York University; New York University
摘要：The morphological features of particles, notably shape anisotropy, critically influence the rheological properties of dense suspensions, spanning both natural and engineered systems. This work explores the potential of using shape memory particles to dynamically regulate suspension fluid flow through controllable shape transformations. First, we synthesize shape-memory particles with programmable anisotropy from liquid crystal elastomers, such that the stiffness and shapes of the particles can...
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作者：Dooling, Lawrence J.; Anlas, Alisya A.; Tobin, Michael P.; Ontko, Nicholas M.; Marchena, Tristan; Wang, Maximilian; Andrechak, Jason C.; Discher, Dennis E.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Macrophages often pervade solid tumors, and clusters of macrophages sometimes associate with longer survival of patients. However, clustering mechanisms and impacts on key functions such as phagocytosis remain obscure. Here, under conditions that maximize cancer cell phagocytosis within cohesive tumors, we uncover pathways that favor dynamic clusters and find a colocalization of tumor-intrusive pseudopodia which we term intrudopodia. Cluster formation over hours on low-adhesion substrates occu...
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作者：Liu, Bin; Su, Yingying; Sun, Hao; Yang, Bin; Wan, Lili; Li, Xiaoya; Hou, Shaobin; Ma, Guozhen; Yu, Juan Joanna; Feng, Lu; Li, Huamin Henry; Wang, Lei
作者单位：Nankai University; Nankai University
摘要：Transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), is tightly controlled to prevent the entry of macromolecules, microorganisms, and toxins into the brain. Transferrin receptor (TfR) transcytosis, one of the few active transcytosis pathways in HBMECs, is extensively utilized for drug transport across the BBB and employed by meningitis-causing bacteria to penetrate into the brain. However, the molecular mechanism facilitating the fusio...
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作者：Nie, Yufeng; Chen, Jianli; Xu, Guodong; Loecher, Anno
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Bonn
摘要：Using time-variable gravity fields determined from satellite laser ranging (SLR) and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO), we derive three decades of barystatic sea level (BSL) change estimates since 1993, providing a long record of satellite gravimetry-based BSL estimates comparable in duration to satellite altimetry.Over the 1993-2022 altimetry era, the BSL change rate is 1.75 +/- 0.59 mm/y (2 sigma) as observed by SLR. The rate increases to 2.16...
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作者：Alberti, Valentina Elettra; Bloch, Daria; Gengel, Erik; Puli, Mallikarjuna Rao; Poraty-Gavra, Limor; Yalovsky, Shaul
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Rabin Medical Center
摘要：The mutual antagonistic signaling of abscisic acid (ABA) and ROP GTPases highlights an intersection between stress responses and pattern formation. Previously, we have shown that signaling of ABA in the endodermis leads to protoxylem (PX) differentiation. In this study, we demonstrate that ROPs suppress PX differentiation in the roots of both Arabidopsis and tomato. Fourier transform and Shannon's entropy show that endodermal ABA signaling controls the periodicity and overall order of PX secon...
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作者：Johansen, Christian M.; Benazzi, Elisabetta; Peters, Jonas C.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：The Hantzsch ester (HEH2) has found considerable utility as a photoreductant in synthesis, with photodriven transfer hydrogenation reactions typically limited to activated substrates. We recently established that the addition of an organic buffer of collidinium triflate [(ColH)OTf] and collidine (Col) allows photodriven transfer hydrogenation from HEH2 to N2 forming NH3 (nitrogen reduction; N2R) in the presence of a Mo catalyst. Given the requirements for Mo-catalyzed thermally driven N2R, thi...
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作者：Ma, Zhibo; Zhou, Xi; Jia, Wenlong; Tan, Xiaosheng; Huang, Xia; Wang, Jingzeng; Sun, Lingjuan; Li, Qingwen; Zhao, Xiangli; Yuan, Naonao; Liu, Ping; Liu, Jing; Chen, Zhishui; Lan, Peixiang; Nathan, Carl F.
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Tissue fibrosis is commonly associated with organ malfunction and is strongly associated with the development of chronic rejection, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases. Fibrosis also contributes to immune exclusion in tumor tissues. Targeting fibrosis might be a strategy for prolonging allograft survival while suppressing cancer development. Here, single- cell transcriptomes of human and mouse heart allografts showed that macrophages accumulated in grafts with fibrosis were rep...
