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作者：Grant, Adam M.; Rothbard, Nancy P.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Researchers have suggested that both ambiguity and values play important roles in shaping employees' proactive behaviors, but have not theoretically or empirically integrated these factors. Drawing on theories of situational strength and values, we propose that ambiguity constitutes a weak situation that strengthens the relationship between the content of employees' values and their proactivity. A field study of 204 employees and their direct supervisors in a water treatment plant provided sup...
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作者：Beck, James W.; Schmidt, Aaron M.
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Goal orientations-the degree to which individuals are concerned with developing new skills, demonstrating already developed skills, and avoiding appearing foolish or incompetent-have been repeatedly shown to be important individual difference variables for performance across a range of contexts. In the current study, we identified perceptions of time pressure as a predictor of state goal orientations. Specifically, we posited that developing new skills may be conceived of as somewhat of a luxu...
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作者：Fisher, Cynthia D.; Minbashian, Amirali; Beckmann, Nadin; Wood, Robert E.
作者单位：Bond University; University of New South Wales Sydney; Durham University; University of Melbourne
摘要：We predict real-time fluctuations in employees' positive and negative emotions from concurrent appraisals of the immediate task situation and individual differences in performance goal orientation. Task confidence, task importance, positive emotions, and negative emotions were assessed 5 times per day for 3 weeks in an experience sampling study of 135 managers. At the within-person level, appraisals of task confidence, task importance, and their interaction predicted momentary positive and neg...
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作者：DeChurch, Leslie A.; Mesmer-Magnus, Jessica R.; Doty, Dan
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Wilmington
摘要：Teams are formed to benefit from an expanded pool of expertise and experience, yet 2 aspects of the conflict stemming from those core differences will ultimately play a large role in determining team viability and productivity: conflict states and conflict processes. The current study theoretically reorganizes the literature on team conflict-distinguishing conflict states from conflict processes-and details the effects of each on team effectiveness. Findings from a meta-analytic cumulation of ...
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作者：Hirschfeld, Robert R.; Cole, Michael S.; Bernerth, Jeremy B.; Rizzuto, Tracey E.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; Texas Christian University; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University
摘要：We explored whether voluntary survey completion by team members (in aggregate) is predictable from team members' collective evaluations of team-emergent states. In doing so, we reanalyze less-than-complete survey data on 110 teams from a published field study, using so-called traditional and modern missing data techniques to probe the sensitivity of these team-level relationships to data missingness. The multivariate findings revealed that a greater within-team participation rate was indeed re...
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作者：Putka, Dan J.; Hoffman, Brian J.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Though considerable research has evaluated the functioning of assessment center (AC) ratings, surprisingly little research has articulated and uniquely estimated the components of reliable and unreliable variance that underlie such ratings. The current study highlights limitations of existing research for estimating components of reliable and unreliable variance in AC ratings. It provides a comprehensive empirical decomposition of variance in AC ratings that: (a) explicitly accounts for assess...
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作者：Giessner, Steffen R.; van Knippenberg, Daan; van Ginkel, Wendy; Sleebos, Ed
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：We examined the interactive effects of leader group prototypicality, accountability, and team identification on team-oriented behavior of leaders, thus extending the social identity perspective on leadership to the study of leader behavior. An experimental study (N = 152) supported our hypothesis that leader accountability relates more strongly to team-oriented behavior for group nonprototypical leaders than for group prototypical leaders. A multisource field study with leaders (N = 64) and th...
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作者：Halbesleben, Jonathon R. B.; Wheeler, Anthony R.; Paustian-Underdahl, Samantha C.
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Rhode Island; University of Rhode Island; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
摘要：The notion that strain can result as employees' resources are threatened or lost is well established. However, the transition from resource threats to resource losses is an important but understudied aspect of employee strain. We argue that the threat-to-loss transition triggers accelerated resource loss and a shift in how employees utilize their remaining resources unless employees engage in recovery experiences during the transition. Using a discontinuous change framework, we examine employe...
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作者：Meier, Laurenz L.; Spector, Paul E.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida
摘要：Previous research has clearly shown that work stressors are positively related to counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Most of these studies, however, used cross-sectional designs, which limits insight into the direction of effects. Nevertheless, it has been assumed that work stressors have a causal effect on CWB, but the role of CWB as an antecedent of work stressors has been neglected. The present study examined lagged reciprocal relationships between work stressors and CWB. We assumed tha...
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作者：Bradley, Bret H.; Klotz, Anthony C.; Postlethwaite, Bennett E.; Brown, Kenneth G.
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; Pepperdine University; University of Iowa
摘要：Although prior work has proposed a number of conditions under which task conflict in teams may improve performance, composition variables have been left unexplored. Given the effects of personality traits on team processes and outcomes demonstrated in prior work, investigating whether specific personality compositions influence the effect of task conflict on team performance is critical to researchers' understanding of conflict in teams. Our results indicate that team-level averages of both op...
