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作者：Yakura, EK
摘要：This article investigates the use of visual artifacts to represent time. Timelines, or Gantt charts, are widely used for scheduling, budgeting, and project management, and they are woven into the fabric of organizational life. Timelines embody objectivist, monotemporal assumptions about time yet allow organizational and occupational subgroups with different assumptions to negotiate and manage time prospectively and retrospectively. Timelines thus function as temporal boundary objects, visual r...
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作者：Madjar, N; Oldham, GR; Pratt, MG
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：We examined relations between creative performance and the extent to which employees received support for creativity from both work (supervisors/coworkers) and nonwork (family/friends) sources. We also examined whether (1) employees' mood states mediated the support-creativity relations and (2) creative personality characteristics moderated these relations. Results demonstrated that work and nonwork support made significant, independent contributions to creative performance. Positive mood medi...
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作者：Silverman, BS; Baum, JAC
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Toronto
摘要：Do rivals' alliances increase or decrease the competitive pressure experienced by a firm? Linking ecological and economic research on organizations, we propose that the effects of rivals' horizontal, upstream, and downstream alliances are determined by the degree to which they (1) foreclose a focal firm's alliance opportunities and (2) increase industry carrying capacity. We also hypothesize that firms can co-opt rivals' alliances by partnering with well-linked rivals. An analysis of Canadian ...
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作者：Batt, R
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This study examined the relationship between human resource practices, employee quit rates, and organizational performance in the service sector. Drawing on a unique, nationally representative sample of call centers, multivariate analyses showed that quit rates were lower and sales growth was higher in establishments that emphasized high skills, employee participation in decision making and in teams, and human resource incentives such as high relative pay and employment security. Quit rates pa...
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作者：Ruderman, MN; Ohlott, PJ; Panzer, K; King, SN
作者单位：Center for Creative Leadership
摘要：We examined the relationships between multiple life roles, psychological well-being, and managerial skills in two studies of managerial women. Qualitative results suggested that the roles women play in their personal lives provide psychological benefits, emotional advice and support, practice at multitasking, relevant background, opportunities to enrich interpersonal skills, and leadership practice that enhance effectiveness in the management role. Quantitative results indicated that multiple ...
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作者：Garud, R; Jain, S; Kumaraswamy, A
作者单位：New York University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Camden
摘要：The institutional entrepreneurship implicit in a firm's sponsorship of its technology as a common standard is beset by several challenges. These challenges arise from a standard's property to enable and constrain even as potential competitors agree to cooperate on its creation. Our exploration of Sun Microsystems's sponsorship of its Java technology suggests that standards in the making generate seeds of self-destruction. Our study also identifies the social and political skills that a sponsor...
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作者：Harrison, DA; Price, KH; Gavin, JH; Florey, AT
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Texas System; University of Texas Arlington
摘要：Time serves as a medium for collaboration in teams, allowing members to exchange personal and task-related information. We propose that stronger team reward contingencies stimulate collaboration. As time passes, increasing collaboration weakens the effects of surface-level (demographic) diversity on team outcomes but strengthens those of deep-level (psychological) diversity. Also, perceived diversity transmits the impact (if actual diversity on team social integration, which in turn affects ta...
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作者：Drazin, R; Rao, H
作者单位：Emory University; Emory University
摘要：Building on the knowledge-based view of the firm, we examine the effects of experience and complexity on decisions to staff product-line extensions with shared or dedicated managers. Results suggest that new and old product lines are more likely to share a manager when the organization possesses a base of knowledge related to the extension and when the new product is low in complexity. These results extend understanding of knowledge and product platforms by focusing on implementation and resou...
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作者：Glynn, MA; Abzug, R
作者单位：Emory University; The New School
摘要：An organization's identity, symbolized by its corporate name, is rooted in institutional fields. We advance the construct of symbolic isomorphism, or the resemblance of an organization's symbolic attributes to those of others within its institutional field, and examine its effects on the homogenization of names and legitimacy. We review historical naming patterns and present two studies that examine the antecedents and outcomes of name conformity: The first analyzes 1,600 name changes to demon...
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作者：Lawrence, TB; Hardy, C; Phillips, N
作者单位：University of Victoria; University of Melbourne; University of Cambridge
摘要：We argue that collaboration can act as a source of change in institutional fields through the generation of proto-institutions: new practices, rules, and technologies that transcend a particular collaborative relationship and may become new institutions if they diffuse sufficiently. A four-year study of the collaborative activities of a small nongovernmental organization in Palestine suggests that collaborations that are both highly embedded and have highly involved partners are the most likel...
