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作者：METCALF, GE
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper presents a model of debt finance at the sub-national level from which municipal bond supply equations are derived. Federal tax considerations are shown to be important determinants of the price entering the bond supply equation. Using data on 40 state governments over a seven-year period in the 1980s, I show that federal tax rates have an important effect on the supply of municipal bonds - independent of the demand-side effect that is usually considered in the literature. This has i...
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作者：PROPPER, C
作者单位：University of Bristol
摘要：The paper examines the demand for a privately supplied good, private medical insurance, in a market dominated by a large public supplier. It is argued that the high political visibility of the public alternative means that individual demand for private medical insurance is the outcome of two processes. The first process is one of choice set generation. The second process is that of the choice between the insurance and the no-insurance prospects. The factors affecting these processes are discus...
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作者：USATEGUI, JM
作者单位：University of Basque Country
摘要：This paper extends the theoretical analysis of the effects of unemployment insurance on the decisions of unemployed workers regarding employment and participation in the labour market. It uses a job search model that considers jobs with uncertain duration and unemployment benefits that are paid only during a finite number of periods after becoming unemployed. Separating the incentive and disincentive effects of unemployment insurance, the analysis permits us to study the impacts of several cha...
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作者：CREEDY, J; FRANCOIS, P
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：This paper examines voting over the income tax schedule in a two-period model in which it is possible for individuals to alter the time stream of taxable income. It is shown that Roberts's (1977) proof of the existence of a choice set, when voting over a linear negative income tax, does not generalise to the case of an income tax schedule which has a tax-free threshold in the two-period case, even where the ranking of individuals by gross income is unaffected by the tax parameters.
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作者：GOULDER, LH; THALMANN, P
作者单位：University of Geneva
摘要：This paper analyzes intersectional and intertemporal efficiency effects of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 using a general equilibrium model that considers impacts of taxes on the allocation of capital across industries, assets, sectors, and time. The model pays close attention to capital adjustment dynamics. We find that the 1986 reform worsened the intertemporal efficiency of resource allocation by increasing marginal effective tax rates on various uses and types of capital. This negative efficie...
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作者：GLAZER, A; KONRAD, KA
作者单位：University of Munich
摘要：The results of a public project can change the attitudes of voters towards subsequent public projects. The dynamic inconsistency problems which arise can make voters oppose risky projects, favor projects expected to benefit a minority, and favor income redistribution.
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作者：GUSTMAN, AL; STEINMEIER, TL
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University
摘要：The evidence presented in this paper casts doubt on the proposition that pension backloading is responsible for the low job mobility rates observed for pension covered workers. It corroborates earlier findings by the authors, based on different data, that pension covered jobs offer higher levels of compensation than workers can obtain elsewhere. and it is this compensation premium, rather than non-portability, that accounts for lower turnover among pension covered workers. This evidence is fur...
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作者：HOLSEY, CM
摘要：This paper analyzes the extent to which intergovernmental grants create a discrepancy between the local voter's actual and perceived budget constraints. The model is innovative in that it introduces grant illusion due to income misperceptions, theoretically distinguishes illusion caused by income distortions from illusion caused by price distortions, and separately tests for the magnitude of each. Empirical analysis identifies both price and income misperceptions as significant determinants of...
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作者：SANDER, W
摘要：This study examines educational outcomes in Illinois for the 1989-1990 school year. Several measures of educational attainment are analyzed including ACT scores, high school graduation rates, and the percentage in a high school planning to attend college. The most important results are that an increase in average teacher's salary increases ACT scores and the percentage college-bound rand an increase in the pupil-teacher ratio reduces the graduation rate and the percentage college-bound.
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作者：SILVA, ECD; KAHN, CM
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper examines the problem of costly exclusion of individuals from a public good. Previous analyses of exclusion have treated it as solely a question of technologies; in our analysis exclusion depends on technology and incentives. In this paper providers of the good design a mechanism to provide an optimal level of deterrence to free riders. If individuals are heterogeneous optimal deterrence may allow some free riders. We examine the effect of costs of exclusion on the Samuelson conditio...
