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作者：BOND, SR; DEVEREUX, MP
作者单位：Keele University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper extends the results of Boadway and Bruce (Journal of Public Economics, 1984, 24, 231-239) and Fane (Journal of Public Economics, 1987, 33, 95-105) to describe a tax on business profits which is neutral with respect to investment and wind-up decisions, and default outcomes, under uncertainty and bankruptcy risk. The tax base allows deductions for depreciation and the cost of finance, but requires knowledge of neither true economic depreciation nor the firm's required rate of return. ...
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作者：HASSETT, KA; METCALF, GE
作者单位：Tufts University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA
摘要：Using panel data on individual tax returns and variation in state tax policy, we measure the impact of government tax policies to encourage residential conservation investment on the probability of making these investments. Unlike previous work, we account for unobserved heterogeneity in tastes for energy-saving activities and its possible correlation with tax policy at the state level. We find that controlling for unobserved heterogeneity is very important. Based on our preferred point estima...
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作者：BOS, D; PETERS, W
摘要：The management of a single-product monopoly sets the number of employees and the number of production teams which are to be established. However, it is well known that employees shirk in teams. Moreover, there is yet another inefficiency which is caused through the management's adjustment to its uncertain environment. The management will not choose the internal organization of the firm which minimizes costs, because this would reduce the expected revenue (or surplus if it manages a public firm...
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作者：MARKUSEN, JR; MOREY, ER; OLEWILER, N
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Simon Fraser University
摘要：A two-region model is presented in which an imperfectly competitive firm produces a good with increasing returns at the plant level. Production of the good causes local pollution. The firm decides whether to maintain plants in both regions, serve both regions from a single plant or shut down. If the disutility of pollution is high enough, the two regions will compete by increasing their environmental taxes (standards) until the polluting firm is driven from the market. Alternatively, if the di...
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作者：DILLEN, M
摘要：This paper shows how we can correct market failure due to imperfect competition by using taxes and subsidies. The analysis is carried out at the general equilibrium level and the importance of objective demand curves is stressed. The main conclusions are: first, it is possible to tax the economy back to the Walrasian equilibrium by using linear taxes and subsidies; second, the welfare theorem holds in an imperfectly competitive economy with corrective taxes and subsidies; third, a competitive ...
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作者：ZODROW, GR
摘要：Several observers have concluded that the equivalence between the cash flow and wage tax approaches to direct consumption taxation breaks down in the presence of uncertainty, as individuals with extraordinarily large gains are treated too generously under the latter approach. In particular, Ahsan (Journal of Public Economics, 1989, 40, 99-134; Canadian Journal of Economics, 1990, 23, 408-433) contends that equivalence obtains only if returns in excess of a safe rate of return are included in t...
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作者：NOISET, L; OAKLAND, W
作者单位：Tulane University; United States Department of the Treasury
摘要：This paper examines the properties of capital taxation within a metropolitan environment. It is demonstrated that when the boundaries of the central city jurisdiction fail to incorporate the entire metropolitan community, the central city can redistribute wealth from suburban land-owners to its residents. In effect, the central city can exploit its suburbs. It does so through capital tax or subsidy policies which reduce employment opportunities in the metropolis. Hence, central city fiscal pol...
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作者：BUCOVETSKY, S
摘要：Regional or local governments often appear to favour the interests of those who own land in the region. Here the implications of this sort of policy making are modelled formally. People are assumed perfectly mobile between regions, but are assumed to own land only in the region of their birth. The Nash equilibrium is shown to be efficient if and only if no migration (of capital or labour) is needed to achieve efficiency. Otherwise, tax competition leads to too little migration. Voluntary inter...
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作者：PASHARDES, P
摘要：In the context of a rank-3 demand system equivalence scales measuring the cost of demographic characteristics independently of the base utility level can be identified from cross-section data without demographic separability restrictions. Although this can also be achieved with a rank-2 demand system that contains a nonlinear log expenditure term in its budget shares, tests performed in a nested framework suggest that the rank-3 demand system approach is empirically superior. The informative s...
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作者：BOVENBERG, AL; SMULDERS, S
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tilburg University
摘要：This paper explores the link between environmental quality and economic growth in an endogenous growth model that incorporates pollution-augmenting technological change. It examines the conditions under which sustainable growth is both feasible and optimal. We explore also how the government should intervene to ensure the optimal levels of natural and knowledge capital, which share a public-goods character. We establish the conditions for a more ambitious environmental policy to raise long-run...
