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作者：Card, D
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This article uses 1990 census data to study the effects of immigrant inflows on occupation-specific labor market outcomes. I find that intercity mobility rates of natives and earlier immigrants are insensitive to immigrant inflows. However, occupation-specific wages and employment rates are systematically lower in cities with higher relative supplies of workers in a given occupation. The results imply that immigrant inflows over the 1980s reduced wages and employment rates of low-skilled nativ...
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作者：Barlevy, G
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：Evidence on wage cyclicality shows job changers have more procyclical wages than job stayers. Previous work argued this arises because workers gain greater access to jobs in sectors such as manufacturing that offer high wages. This article argues that workers who switch jobs in booms enter temporary jobs with unemployment risk and are merely compensated for subsequent losses. I demonstrate that the two explanations can be distinguished using the relationship between unemployment insurance and ...
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作者：Haider, SJ
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：Although much research has focused on recent increases in annual earnings inequality in the United States, the increases could have come from either of two sources: the distribution of lifetime earnings could have become more unequal or the receipt of lifetime earnings could have become more unstable. Based on an analysis of the 1968-92 Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that lifetime earnings inequality increased during the early 1980s and that earnings instability increased during the 1...
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作者：Corak, M
作者单位：Statistics Canada; Carleton University
摘要：Two quasi-experiments are used to estimate the impact of parental divorce on the adult labor market and marital/fertility outcomes of adolescents. These involve individuals experiencing the death of a parent and legislative changes to the Canadian divorce law. Parental loss by death is assumed to be exogenous, the experiences of children with a bereaved background offering a benchmark to assess the endogeneity of parental loss through divorce. Adolescents whose parents divorced put off marriag...
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作者：Pecorino, P; Van Boening, M
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Mississippi
摘要：We conduct an experimental analysis of final offer arbitration (FOA) with differentially informed players. Under FOA, the arbitrator must choose one of the two submitted offers. In our control, the uninformed player makes an offer to the informed player prior to the submission of offers to the arbitrator. The treatment allows negotiation after offers are submitted to the arbitrator. Because these offers are potentially binding, they may transmit privately held information and, thereby, lower t...
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作者：Chau, NH
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：Why do countries that impose employer sanctions to deter the illegal entry of foreign workers nevertheless grant amnesty to illegal immigrants? In this article, I provide a positive theory of amnesty provision in a model where the constrained optimal immigration reform, involving the joint use of employer sanctions and border interdictions, is time-inconsistent. In particular, my framework demonstrates that host countries of immigration can enhance the credibility of their immigration reforms ...
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作者：Glaeser, EL; Maré, DC
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Workers in cities earn 33% more than their nonurban counterparts. A large amount of evidence suggests that this premium is not just the result of higher ability workers living in cities, which means that cities make workers more productive. Evidence on migrants and the cross effect between urban status and experience implies that a significant fraction of the urban wage premium accrues to workers over time and stays with them when they leave cities. Therefore, a portion of the urban wage premi...
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作者：Stinebrickner, TR
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：The labor supply decisions of certified elementary and high school teachers are examined using data from a general longitudinal survey. A significant decrease in the teaching participation rate takes place over time after teacher certification. Previously unavailable marital and fertility variables provide new insight into reasons for this decrease. Descriptive statistics indicate that high-ability teachers choose to teach a smaller proportion of time than other teachers. A dynamic, discrete-c...
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作者：Neumark, D; Wascher, W
作者单位：Michigan State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA
摘要：Theory predicts that minimum wages will reduce employer-provided on-the-job training designed to improve workers' skills on the current job, but it is ambiguous regarding training that workers obtain to qualify for a job. We estimate the effects of minimum wages on both types of training received by young workers, exploiting cross-state variation in minimum wage increases. Much of the evidence supports the hypothesis that higher minimum wages reduce formal training to improve skills on the cur...
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作者：Bognanno, ML
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University
摘要：This study examines aspects of pay and promotion in corporate hierarchies in the context of tournament theory. Evidence supports the tournament perspective in that most positions are filled through promotion and pay rises strongly with hierarchical level. Furthermore, the winner's prize in the CEO tournament increases with the number of competitors for the CEO position. Not all evidence is supportive: the square of the number of competitors is negatively associated with the CEO prize. Addition...
