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作者：Shiu, Ji-Liang; Zhang, Sisi; Gottschalk, Peter
作者单位：University of Jinan; Boston College
摘要：This paper examines the driving forces of family income dynamics by developing a unified framework to estimate permanent and transitory variation in head earnings, spouse earnings, and transfer income, as well as permanent and transitory correlations between these income sources. A complete decomposition using the PSID 1970-2018 shows that transitory variation in head earnings alone accounts for more than half of the total family income inequality. Insurance against transitory shocks to head e...
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作者：Zhang, Weilong; Todd, Petra E.
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper develops a spatial general equilibrium job search model to study the effects of local and universal minimum wage policies on employment, wages, job postings, vacancies, migration, and welfare. Workers search for jobs locally and in neighboring areas, deciding whether to migrate or commute after receiving remote offers. The model, estimated using ACS and QWI data, reliably forecasts commuting responses to city minimum wage hikes. Simulations show that low-skill (noncollege) workers b...
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作者：Izadi, Ramin; Tuhkuri, Joonas
作者单位：VATT Institute for Economic Research; Stockholm University
摘要：We analyze trends in labor market returns to psychological traits using data from half a million Finnish men from 2001 to 2015. Cognitive skills' value declined, while noncognitive skills' value increased. Our novel findings show that extraversion drives this rise, while conscientiousness remains stable. Extraversion's rising returns are most pronounced for lower earners and those on the employment margin. These traits predict different labor market paths: extraversion predicts lower education...
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作者：Ockenfels, Axel; Sliwka, Dirk; Werner, Peter
作者单位：University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Maastricht University
摘要：We compare evaluations of employee performance by individuals and groups of supervisors, analyzing a formal model and running a laboratory experiment. The model predicts that multirater evaluations are more precise than single-rater evaluations if groups rationally aggregate their signals about employee performance. Our controlled laboratory experiment confirms this prediction and finds evidence that this can indeed be attributed to accurate information processing in the group. Moreover, when ...
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作者：Frederiksen, Anders; Kato, Takao; Smith, Nina
作者单位：Aarhus University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Colgate University; Columbia University; Copenhagen Business School; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Using Danish registry data linked to the Labor Force Survey, we provide the first rigorous evidence with external validity on the hours-career nexus (positive association between hours and career success). Guided by three theories (human capital, rat race, tournament), we unpack the hours-career nexus through examining the differential effect of hours in the present firm and elsewhere, hours relative to peers' hours, standard versus evening/night/weekend hours, and the importance of sustaining...
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作者：Jungbauer, Thomas
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This paper analyzes the effects of firms posting multiple but varying numbers of vacancies, hence differing in their market power, in professional labor markets. I find that strategic wage posting does, in general, not result in an efficient assignment of workers to firms. This is because firms with a larger number of vacancies pay on average lower wages than their competitors due to a lack of within-firm rivalry. If highly productive firms hire more, the resulting welfare loss due to mismatch...
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作者：Diemer, Andreas
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：I study the role of social networks in the propagation of economic shocks across space. Combining comprehensive data on US online friendships with extraction activity during the fracking boom, I show that exogenous changes in economic conditions in one area affect outcomes in socially proximate places, regardless of how far apart they are geographically. Social exposure to fracking generates a wage spillover amounting to one-third of every dollar of energy produced in a county's social network...
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作者：Zhang, Ning
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper estimates a dynamic life cycle model to study the long-term impacts of housing vouchers on employment and examine how policy reforms affect labor supply and well-being. I show that the current program decreases female employment by 17% and male employment by 7%. Compared with the current program, a proposed reform that provides every recipient with a flat-rate subsidy increases female employment by 4% and leads to higher welfare. Policies that offer a lower subsidy to a larger popul...
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作者：Arellano-Bover, Jaime; Saltiel, Fernando
作者单位：Yale University; McGill University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We present evidence that is consistent with large disparities across firms in their on-the-job learning opportunities using administrative datasets from Brazil and Italy. We categorize firms into discrete classes-which our conceptual framework interprets as skill-learning classes-using a clustering methodology that groups together firms with similar distributions of unexplained wage growth. Mincerian returns to experience vary widely across experiences acquired in different firm classes. Four ...
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作者：Jin, David J.
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：Firms are starting to replace humans with algorithms in important screening decisions, but there are potential spillovers of human biases contained in datasets to subsequent algorithmic predictions. When these biases are motivated by human prejudices, there are risks of algorithms perpetuating discrimination. I prove that when datasets are generated by a sufficiently discriminatory human, firms are more profitable when training discriminatory algorithms. If instead enough affirmative action is...
