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作者：Aizawa, Naoki; Fu, Chao
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We develop and estimate an equilibrium model with heterogeneous local markets, households, and firms, highlighting the interrelationship between various components of the health insurance system-employer-sponsored health insurance (ESHI), individual health insurance (HIX), and Medicaid-and their relationship with the labor market. We estimate the model exploiting variation across states and before and after the Affordable Care Act. We consider counterfactual policies that cross subsidize betwe...
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作者：Bergeaud, Antonin; Malgouyres, Clement; Mazet-Sonilhac, Clement; Signorelli, Sara
作者单位：Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Bocconi University; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：Does domestic outsourcing react to technological change? We study the staggered diffusion of broadband internet in France in the 2000s and show that connected firms increased their outsourcing expenditures while decreasing the diversity of occupations they employ in-house. Meanwhile, employment in noncore occupations became increasingly concentrated in firms specializing in subcontracting services. Finally, we provide evidence that workers in high-skill occupations experienced salary gains fro...
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作者：Keane, Michael; Neal, Timothy
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：Many studies estimate the Frisch elasticity via two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression of hours changes on wage changes. However, 2SLS suffers from a power asymmetry problem that makes estimates far away from ordinary least squares appear spuriously imprecise. Hence, it is difficult for t-tests to detect a positive Frisch elasticity. We illustrate the problem using NLSY97 data. We estimate an elasticity of 0.60 for young men, but the t-test indicates that it is insignificant. The Anderson-R...
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作者：Muslimova, Dilnoza; van Kippersluis, Hans; Rietveld, Cornelius A.; von Hinke, Stephanie; Meddens, S. Fleur W.
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; University of Bristol; University of Oxford
摘要：Firstborns, on average, complete more education than laterborns. We study whether individuals' endowments measured by genetic information amplify this effect. Our family fixed effects approach exploits exogenous variation in birth order and genetic endowments among 14,850 siblings in the UK Biobank. We find that those with higher genetic endowments benefit disproportionately more from being firstborn compared with those with lower endowments-a clean example of how nature and nurture interact i...
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作者：Wilson, Riley
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：I document a new fact about mobility within the United States. County-to-county migration and commuting drop discretely at state borders. People are three times as likely to move to a county 15 miles away in the same state than to an equally distant county across state lines. Standard economic explanations, like differences in amenities or moving costs, have little explanatory power. Experimental evidence suggests many people experience home state bias and discount out-of-state moves, independ...
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作者：Mansfield, Jonathan; Slichter, David
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY
摘要：The rise of accountability programs was perhaps the most noticeable change in American education during the 1990s and early 2000s. We measure how these programs affected students' long-run outcomes. We find increases in income, occupational skill level, and attainment, though the labor market effects are insignificant in most specifications. A typical accountability regime with high-stakes testing in seven grades increased attainment by 0.1 years. Last, the pattern of occupational skill usage ...
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作者：Lang, Kevin
作者单位：Boston University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Economists analyzing a well-conducted randomized controlled trial or natural experiment and finding a statistically significant effect conclude that the null of no effect is unlikely to be true. But how frequently is this conclusion warranted? The answer depends on the proportion of tested nulls that are true and the test's power. I model the distribution of t-statistics in leading economics journals. Using my preferred model, 65% of narrowly rejected null hypotheses and 41% of all rejected nu...
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作者：Kaila, Martti; Nix, Emily; Riukula, Krista
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Southern California
摘要：Children's and parents' incomes are highly correlated, yet little is known about how early-career shocks contribute to this correlation. This paper focuses on a consequential labor market shock: job loss. We document three new results. First, adult children born into the bottom 20% of the income distribution have double the unemployment following job loss compared with those from the top 20% and 154% higher earnings losses. Second, this increases the rank-rank correlation 30% for those impacte...
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作者：Brown, Meta; Flinn, Christopher J.; Mullins, Joseph
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; New York University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：To assess the child welfare impact of policies governing divorced parenting, such as child support orders, child custody assignments, and marital dissolution standards, one must consider their influence not only on the divorce rate but also on spouses' fertility choices and child investments. We develop a model of fertility, parenting, and divorce, from which we derive estimates of parental preferences and a child cognitive ability production function, using data on parental time allocation, c...
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作者：Lleras-Muney, Adriana; Miller, Matthew; Sheng, Shuyang; Sovero, Veronica
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：We investigate the returns to adolescent friendships on earnings in adulthood using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Because both education and friendships are jointly determined in adolescence, ordinary least squares estimates of their returns are likely biased. We implement a novel procedure to obtain bounds on the causal returns to friendships: we assume that the returns to schooling range from 5% to 15% (on the basis of prior literature) and instrume...
