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作者：Guennewig, Maxi
作者单位：European Central Bank
摘要：Blockchain capacity constraints induce congestion when many users want to transact at the same time. This paper argues that blockchain capacity constraints, coupled with the need to incentivize miners to maintain blockchain security, lead to low inflation outcomes when cryptocurrencies compete for user demand. If two coins are both used as medium of exchange, a low-inflation coin must experience higher congestion than a high-inflation coin; otherwise demand for the latter is zero. Lowering coi...
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作者：Fleurbaey, Marc; Zuber, Stephane
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：How can social prospects be evaluated and compared when there may be a risk on i) the actual allocations that people will receive, ii) the existence of these future people, and iii) their preferences? This paper investigates this question, which can arise when considering policies, such as climate policy, that affect people who do not yet exist. We start from the observation that there is no social ordering that meets minimal requirements of fairness, social rationality, and respect for people...
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作者：Arieli, Itai; Ashkenazi-Golan, Galit; Peretz, Ron; Tsodikovich, Yevgeny
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Bar Ilan University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：Agents in a network adopt an innovation if a certain fraction of their neighbors has already done so. We study the minimal contagious set size required for a successful innovation adoption by the entire population, and provide upper and lower bounds on it. Since detailed information about the network structure is often unavailable, we study bounds that depend only on the degree distribution of the network-a simple statistic of the network topology. Moreover, as our bounds are robust to small c...
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作者：Dogan, Battal; Erdil, Aytek
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Cambridge
摘要：Widening access to higher education remains a significant policy goal. Universities often frame and pursue these goals via access targets (target number of students from disadvantaged backgrounds) as part of their intake targets (target total number of students). However, universities' desire to exercise flexibility in their access and intake targets constitutes a novel challenge in designing a centralised admissions system. We introduce the Flexible Access and Intake Targets mechanism that is...
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作者：Caplin, Andrew; Martin, Daniel; Marx, Philip
作者单位：New York University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Shreveport
摘要：We investigate whether the predictions of modern machine learning algorithms are consistent with economic models of human cognition. To test these models we run an experiment in which we vary the loss function used in training a leading deep learning convolutional neural network to predict pneumonia from chest X-rays. The first cognitive economic model we test, capacity- constrained learning, corresponds with an intuitive notion of machine learning: that an algorithm chooses among a feasible s...
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作者：Coreno, Jacob; Balbuzanov, Ivan
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Melbourne
摘要：Drafts are sequential round-robin allocation procedures for distributing heterogeneous and indivisible objects among agents subject to some priority order (e.g., allocating players' contract rights to teams in professional sports leagues). Agents report ordinal preferences over objects and bundles are partially ordered by pairwise comparison. We provide a simple characterization of draft rules: they are the only allocation rules that are respectful of apriority (RP), envy-free up to one object...
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作者：Apffelstaedt, Arno
作者单位：University of Cologne
摘要：I introduce endogenous information disclosure into a model of spontaneous discrimination & agrave; la Peski and Szentes (2013). Individuals in a finite population repeatedly decide whether to engage in profitable interactions with a randomly assigned or chosen partner. Each individual has a fixed physical and a dynamic social color. Social color conveys information about the colors of past partners-but only if that information is disclosed by the decision maker or a random observer. I characte...
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作者：Kraehmer, Daniel; Strausz, Roland
作者单位：University of Bonn; Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：We study unidirectional incentive compatibility which incentivizes truth-telling by an agent who can misrepresent private information in one direction only. In the canonical setting with quasi-linear preferences and continuous, one-dimensional private information, we show that unidirectional incentive compatibility imposes no restrictions on the allocation rule and revenue equivalence fails. Moreover, unidirectional incentive compatibility holds if and only if the change of the agent's informa...
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作者：Jain, Ritesh; Korpela, Ville; Lombardi, Michele
作者单位：University of Liverpool; University of Turku; University of Naples Federico II
摘要：The paper characterizes the class of two-player social choice functions implementable in rationalizable strategies under complete information.
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作者：de la Vega, Casilda Lasso; Volij, Oscar
作者单位：University of Basque Country; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：We provide an axiomatic characterization of the segregation order represented by the Isolation index, which is increasingly used by economists to measure segregation and related concepts. We extend this result to a broad family of segregation orders that includes the Atkinson and Entropy orders.
