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作者：Dustmann, Christian; Okatenko, Anna
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
摘要：The relation between income and migration intentions can be monotonically decreasing, increasing, or inverse U-shaped, dependent on the level of migration cost relative to wealth and if individuals are credit constrained. Using unique individual level data, covering countries in three geographic regions - sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America - we show that migration intentions respond to individual wealth, and that the pattern differs across the country groups studied in a manner compat...
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作者：Klasing, Mariko J.
作者单位：University of Groningen
摘要：This research studies the dynamic interplay between the evolution of risk attitudes and the process of economic development. This is achieved by integrating an endogenous growth model with a cultural transmission mechanism that captures how parents shape the risk attitudes of their children in response to economic incentives. The model predicts that in an economy in which the material benefits associated with risky entrepreneurial activity are high, agents will over time develop more risk tole...
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作者：Beaman, Lori; Magruder, Jeremy; Robinson, Jonathan
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：Many micro-enterprises in Kenya have low productivity. We focus on one particular business decision which may indicate low productivity: keeping enough change on hand to break larger bills. This is a surprisingly large problem. Our estimates suggest that the average firm loses approximately 5-8% of total profits because they do not have enough change. We conducted two experiments to shed light on why this happens: surveying firms weekly about lost sales, thereby increasing the salience of chan...
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作者：Madestam, Andreas
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：I present a model that analyzes the coexistence of formal and informal finance in underdeveloped credit markets. Formal banks have access to unlimited funds but are unable to control the use of credit. Informal lenders can prevent non-diligent behavior but often lack the needed capital. The theory implies that formal and informal credit can be either complements or substitutes. The model also explains why weak legal institutions increase the prevalence of informal finance in some markets and r...
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作者：Burlando, Alfredo
作者单位：University of Oregon
摘要：Do transitory economic shocks affect neonatal outcomes? I show that an unexpected, month-long blackout in Tanzania caused a sharp but temporary drop in work hours and earnings for workers in electricity-dependent jobs. Using records from a maternity ward, I document a reduction in birth weights for children exposed in utero to the blackout, and an increase in the probability of low birth weight. The reduction is correlated with measures of maternal exposure to the blackout. The blackout also i...
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作者：Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Somville, Vincent; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Namur; University of Kent
摘要：We investigate donor-beneficiary relationships in participatory development programmes, where (i) communities are heterogeneous and dominated by the local elite, (ii) the elite strategically proposes a project to the donor, knowing that the latter has imperfect knowledge of the needs of the target population. We analyse how changes in the donor's outside option or information about the needs of the target population affect elite capture. Our central, paradoxical result is that a more attractiv...
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作者：Valsecchi, Michele
作者单位：University of Gothenburg
摘要：In this paper, I ask whether there is a relationship between land property rights and international migration. In order to identify the impact of property rights, I consider a country-wide land certification program that took place in Mexico in the 1990s. My identification strategy exploits the staggered implementation and the households' eligibility for the program. I find that the program increased the eligible households' likelihood of having one or more members abroad by 12%. In terms of t...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio P.; Kaufmann, Katja M.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：In this paper we investigate the role of expected returns to schooling and of perceived risks (of unemployment and earnings) as determinants of schooling decisions. Moreover, our data also allow us to analyze whether youths' and/or mothers' expectations predict schooling decisions, and whether this depends on the age and gender of the youth. In particular, we use Mexican data that contain labor market expectations of mothers and youths. We find that expected returns and risk perceptions are im...
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作者：Popov, Alexander
作者单位：European Central Bank
摘要：This paper provides evidence that financial openness is an important determinant of growth rate asymmetry in emerging markets. I exploit exogenous shocks to financial flows and examine the impact of equity market liberalization on the skewness of output growth for 93 countries during the 1973-2009 period. I show that opening the economy to foreign portfolio investment results in a substantially higher negative skewness of output growth. This result obtains with equal strength in the aggregate ...
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作者：Zhang, Hongliang; Behrman, Jere R.; Fan, C. Simon; Wei, Xiangdong; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Pennsylvania; Lingnan University
摘要：Many children worldwide are left-behind by parents migrating for work over 61 million in rural China alone, almost half of whom are left-behind by both parents. While previous literature considers impacts of one parent absent on educational inputs (e.g., study time, enrollment, schooling attainment), this study directly investigates impacts on children's learning (test scores) and distinguishes impacts of absence of one versus both parents. Dynamic panel methods that control for both unobserve...
