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作者：Hoffmann, Vivian; Gatobu, Ken Mwithirwa
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Many important food quality and safety attributes are unobservable at the point of sale, particularly in informal markets with weak reputation effects. Through a framed field experiment conducted in western Kenya, we show that farmers place a large premium on maize they have grown themselves, relative to that available for purchase. Providing information on the origin of maize, and on its taste and safety, reduces this gap. We conclude that information which is unavailable during typical marke...
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作者：Saure, Philip; Zoabi, Hosny
作者单位：Swiss National Bank (SNB); New Economic School; New Economic School
摘要：Recent work in gender economics has identified trade as a potential determinant of female labor force participation (REP). It is usually suggested that FLFP rises whenever trade expands those sectors which use female labor intensively. This paper develops a theoretical model to argue that, quite surprisingly, the opposite effects can occur. Distinguishing between female intensive sectors (FIS) and male intensive sectors (MIS), we show that FLFP may actually fall if trade expands EIS. When FIS ...
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作者：de Janvry, Alain; Gonzalez-Navarro, Marco; Sadoulet, Elisabeth
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Toronto
摘要：What is the impact on voting behavior of strengthening property rights over agricultural land? To answer this question, we use the 14-year nationwide rollout of Mexico's land certification program (Procede) and match affected communities (ejidos) before and after the change in property rights with voting outcomes in corresponding electoral sections across six federal election cycles. We find that, in accordance with the investor class theory, granting complete property rights induced a conserv...
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作者：Bond, Eric W.; Saggi, Kamal
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：We analyze how a price control and the threat of compulsory licensing (CL) affect consumer access in a developing country (South) to a patented foreign product. In the model, the Southern government sets the level of the price control on a Northern patent-holder who chooses between entry and voluntary licensing (VL). While entry incurs a higher fixed cost, licensed production is of lower quality. If the patent-holder does not work its patent locally, the South is free to use CL The threat of C...
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作者：Hamoudi, Amar; Thomas, Duncan
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：We investigate whether living arrangements respond to an arguably exogenous shift in the distribution of power in family economic decision-making. In the early 1990s, the South African Old Age Pension was expanded to cover most black South Africans above a sex-specific age cut-off resulting in a substantial increase in the income of older South Africans and potentially their say in the economic decisions of their families. Beneficiaries of the program are more likely to coreside with adults wh...
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作者：Minoiu, Camelia; Shemyakina, Olga N.
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：We examine the causal impact of the 2002-2007 civil conflict in Cote d'Ivoire on children's health using household surveys collected before, during, and after the conflict, and information on the exact location and date of conflict events. Our identification strategy relies on exploiting both temporal and spatial variation across birth cohorts to measure children's exposure to the conflict. We find that children from regions more affected by the conflict suffered significant health setbacks co...
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作者：Brainerd, Elizabeth; Menon, Nidhiya
作者单位：Brandeis University
摘要：This paper examines the impact of fertilizer agrichemicals in water on infant and child health using water quality data combined with data on child health outcomes from the Demographic and Health Surveys of India. Because fertilizers are applied at specific times in the growing season, the concentrations of agrichemicals in water vary seasonally and by cropped area as some Indian states plant predominantly summer crops while others plant winter crops. Our identification strategy exploits the d...
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作者：von Hagen, Juergen; Zhang, Haiping
作者单位：University of Bonn; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Singapore Management University
摘要：We develop a tractable two-country overlapping-generations model and show that cross-country differences in financial development can explain three recent empirical patterns of international capital flows: Financial capital flows from relatively poor to relatively rich countries, while foreign direct investment flows in the opposite direction; net capital flows go from poor to rich countries; despite its negative net international investment positions, the United States receives a positive net...
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作者：Sly, Nicholas; Soderbery, Anson
作者单位：University of Oregon; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：We examine how multinational firms strategically source production to mitigate the consequences of wage bargaining with workers. When wage bargaining pressure differs across countries, firms allocate production of goods with high markups toward countries with relatively competitive labor markets, limiting the rents available to workers with strong bargaining power. We use product-level data from the universe of automotive production facilities in North America at a monthly frequency between 19...
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作者：Powell-Jackson, Timothy; Hanson, Kara; Whitty, Christopher J. M.; Ansah, Evelyn K.
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
摘要：We examine the impact of removing user fees for healthcare in rural Ghana using data from a randomized experiment that includes rich information on objective measures of child health status. We find that free care increased use of formal healthcare shifting care seeking away from informal providers, with particularly strong effects for children who were anaemic at baseline. There was no health effect on the intervention population taken overall. However, consistent with the utilization finding...
