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作者：Burda, Michael C.; Severgnini, Battista
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：We use synthetic data generated by a prototypical stochastic growth model to assess the accuracy of the Solow residual (Solow, 1957) as a measure of total factor productivity (TFP) growth when the capital stock in use is measured with error. We propose two alternative measurements based on current investment expenditures: one eliminates the capital stock by direct substitution, while the other employs generalized differences of detrended data and the Malmquist index. In short samples, these me...
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作者：Ham, John C.; Song, Heonjae
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National University of Singapore; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Seoul
摘要：We derive a bargaining model of transfers between adult children and their parents, and then estimate the model using data from South Korea. Our analysis extends the literature on family bargaining by i) arguing that transfers from the couple represent semiprivate consumption (e.g. it is plausible that the wife cares more about her parents than about the husband's parents, and vice-versa) and ii) using results from laboratory experiments to help identify the model. We find that women have slig...
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作者：Ghani, Ejaz; Kerr, William R.; O'Connell, Stephen D.
作者单位：The World Bank; Harvard University; Bank of Finland; National Bureau of Economic Research; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School
摘要：We quantify the link between the timing of state-level implementations of political reservations for women in India with the role of women in India's manufacturing sector. While overall employment of women in manufacturing does not increase after the reforms, we find significant evidence that more women-owned establishments were created in the unorganized/informal sector. These new establishments were concentrated in industries where women entrepreneurs have been traditionally active and the e...
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作者：Gil-Pareja, Salvador; Llorca-Vivero, Rafael; Antonio Martinez-Serrano, Jose
作者单位：University of Valencia
摘要：This paper investigates whether and to what extent nonreciprocal preferential trade agreements (NRPTAs) have increased developing countries' exports to richer countries. Using recent developments in the econometric analysis of the gravity equation over the period 1960-2008, we find robust evidence that, on the whole, NRPTAs and the Generalized System of Preferences have had an economically significant effect on exports from developing countries. However, the estimation of catch-all dummies mas...
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作者：Nguimkeu, Pierre
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Understanding the informal sector - that represents about 60-90% of urban employment in developing countries has a significant importance for any strategy and policy interventions aiming to alleviate poverty and improve welfare. I formulate and estimate a model of entrepreneurial choice to address the heterogeneity in occupations and earnings observed within the informal sector. I test the implications of the model with reduced form and non-parametric techniques, and use a structural econometr...
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作者：Chu, Angus C.; Cozzi, Guido; Galli, Silvia
作者单位：University of Liverpool; University of St Gallen
摘要：Inspired by the Chinese experience, we develop a Schumpeterian growth model of distance to frontier in which economic growth in the developing country is driven by domestic innovation as well as imitation and transfer of foreign technologies through foreign direct investment. We show that optimal intellectual property rights (IPR) protection is stage-dependent. At an early stage of development, the country implements weak IPR protection to facilitate imitation. At a later stage of development,...
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作者：Felbermayr, Gabriel; Groeschl, Jasmin
作者单位：University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Growth theory predicts that natural disasters should, on impact, lower GDP per capita. However, the empirical literature does not offer conclusive evidence. Most existing studies use disaster data drawn from damage records of insurance companies. We argue that this may lead to estimation bias as damage data and the selection into the database may correlate with GDP. We build a comprehensive database of disaster events and their intensities from primary geophysical and meteorological informatio...
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作者：Fenske, James
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作者：Gine, Xavier; Karlan, Dean S.
作者单位：The World Bank; Yale University; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement. However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. Two randomized trials tested the overall effect, as well as specific mechanisms. The first removed group liability from pre-existing groups and the second randomly assigned villages to either group or individual liability loans. In both, groups still held weekly meetings. We find no inc...
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作者：Plante, Michael
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas
摘要：Many developing and emerging market countries have subsidies on fuel products. Using a small open economy model with a non-traded sector, I show how these subsidies impact the steady state levels of macroeconomic aggregates such as consumption, labor supply, and aggregate welfare. These subsidies can lead to crowding out of non-oil consumption, inefficient inter-sectoral allocations of labor, and other distortions in macroeconomic variables. Across steady states, aggregate welfare is reduced b...
