American Economic Journal: Economic Policy

最新文章

• The Long-Run Impacts of Same-Race Teacherst AI翻译
  作者：Gershenson, Seth; Hart, Cassandra M. D.; Hyman, Joshua; Lindsay, Constance A.; Papageorge, Nicholas W.
  作者单位：American University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Amherst College; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Leveraging the Tennessee STAR class size experiment, we show that Black students randomly assigned to at least one Black teacher in grades K-3 are 9 percentage points (13 percent) more likely to graduate from high school and 6 percentage points (19 percent) more likely to enroll in college compared to their Black schoolmates who are not. Black teachers have no significant long-run effects on White students. Postsecondary education results are driven by two-year colleges and concentrated among ...
• Mentoring and the Dynamics of Affirmative Actions AI翻译
  作者：MULLER-ITTEN, Michele; ORY, Aniko
  作者单位：University of Notre Dame
  摘要：We analyze the long-term workforce composition when the quality of mentoring available to majority and minority juniors depends on their representation in the workforce. A workforce with at least 50 percent majority workers invariably converges to one where the majority is overrepresented relative to the population. To maximize welfare, persistent interventions, such as group-specific fellowships, are often needed, and the optimal workforce may include minority workers of lower innate talent t...
• Reducing Frictions in College Admissions: Evidence from the Common Application AI翻译
  作者：Knight, Brian; Schiff, Nathan
  作者单位：Brown University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
  摘要：College admissions in the United States are decentralized, creating frictions that limit student choice. We study the Common Application (CA) platform, under which students submit a single application to member schools, potentially reducing frictions and increasing student choice. The CA increases the number of applications received by schools, reflecting a reduction in frictions, and reduces the yield on accepted students, reflecting increased choice. The CA increases out-of-state enrollment,...
• Increasing Hours Worked: Moonlighting Responses to a Large Tax Reform AI翻译
  作者：Tazhitdinova, Alisa
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Moonlighting is increasingly popular in OECD countries, with 5 to 10 percent of workers holding two or more jobs. However, little is known about the responsiveness of moonlighting to financial incentives due to the lack of identifying variation. This paper studies a unique reform in Germany that allowed workers to hold small secondary jobs tax-free, decreasing the marginal tax rate by between 19.5 to 66 pp. 1 show that the reform resulted in a dramatic increase in moonlighting that was not off...
• Mandatory Energy Efficiency Disclosure in Housing Markets AI翻译
  作者：Myers, Erica; Puller, Steven L.; West, Jeremy
  作者单位：University of Calgary; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
  摘要：Mandatory disclosure policies are implemented broadly despite sparse evidence that they improve market outcomes. We study the effects of requiring home sellers to provide buyers with certified audits of residential energy efficiency. Using similar nearby homes as a comparison group, we find that this requirement increases price premiums for energy efficiency and encourages energy-saving investments. We additionally present evidence highlighting the mar-ket failure-incomplete information by bot...
• Childhood Housing and Adult Outcomes: A -Between-Siblings Analysis of Housing Vouchers and Public Housing AI翻译
  作者：Pollakowski, Henry O.; Weinberg, Daniel H.; Andersson, Fredrik; Haltiwanger, John C.; Palloni, Giordano; Kutzbach, Mark J.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Bank of America Corporation; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
  摘要：We create a national-level longitudinal dataset to analyze how children's participation in public and voucher-assisted housing affects age-26 earnings and adult incarceration. Naive OLS estimates suggest that returns to subsidized housing participation are negative, but that relationship is driven by household selection into assisted housing. Household fixed effects estimates indicate that additional years of public housing increase earnings by 6.2 percent for females and 6.1 percent for males...
• The Effects of Mortgage Credit Availability: Evidence from Minimum Credit Score Lending Rules AI翻译
  作者：Laufer, Steven; Paciorek, Andrew
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
  摘要：This paper uses changes in mortgage lenders' minimum credit score thresholds to credibly identify the effects of access to household credit. Falling under these thresholds has very large negative effects on borrowing for up to two years, and these effects fail to reverse within four years. The effects are particularly concentrated among individuals who have relatively high credit demand and face relatively large contractions in credit supply. In addition, access to new mortgage credit reduces ...
• Does Virtual Advising Increase College Enrollment? Evidence from a Random-Assignment College Access Field Experiment AI翻译
  作者：Phillips, Meredith; Reber, Sarah
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Although in-person college access programs can be effective, less is known about whether low-cost and scalable virtual interventions can achieve the same benefits. We evaluate two variants of a virtual college counseling program. Students randomly assigned to the program felt more supported applying to college and applied more broadly to four-year colleges, but were not more likely to be accepted or enroll. We analyze rich and extensive survey data to explore mechanisms and why the program did...
• Lift and Shift: The Effect of Fundraising Interventions in Charity Space and Time AI翻译
  作者：Scharf, Kimberley; Smith, Sarah; Ottoni-Wilhelm, Mark
  作者单位：University of Birmingham; University of Bristol; Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis
  摘要：Fundraising interventions may lift donations and/ or shift their composition and timing. Using data rich in both the charity space and time dimensions, we find that major fundraising appeals lift donations to the appeal charity and that this increase is not offset by lower donations later in time. Strikingly, major appeals also forward-shift donations to other (nonappeal) charities that are offset by lower donations later. To understand these response patterns, we introduce a two-period, two-c...
• The Long-Run Effects of R&D Place-Based Policies: Evidence from Russian Science Cities AI翻译
  作者：Schweiger, Helena; Stepanov, Alexander; Zacchia, Paolo
  作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
  摘要：We study the long-run effects of historical place-based R&D policies: the creation of Science Cities in Soviet Russia. We compare current demographic and economic characteristics of Science Cities with those of localities that were similar to them at the time of their establishment. We find that in present-day Russia, Science Cities are more innovative and productive, host more highly skilled workers, and pay them higher salaries. We interpret these findings as the result of the interaction be...