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作者：Wilson, Nicholas
作者单位：Reed College - Portland; Reed College - Portland
摘要：I measure the effect of child marriage bans on female educational attainment and employment using a difference-in-differences approach employing subnational spatial and cohort variation in a sample of over 250,000 female respondents from 17 low- and middle-income countries banning child marriage between 1995 and 2012. My results using the full study sample suggest that raising the minimum legal age of marriage to 18 increased age at marriage, age at first birth, and the likelihood of employmen...
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作者：Duggan, Mark; Gupta, Atul; Jackson, Emilie
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We exploit changes in the discontinuity in health insurance coverage at age 65 induced by the implementation of the Affordable Care Act to examine effects on coverage, hospital use, and patient health. We then link these changes to effects on hospital finances. We show that a substantial share of the federally funded Medicaid expansion substituted for existing locally funded safety net programs. Despite this offset, the expansion produced a substantial increase in hospital revenue, reflected i...
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作者：Sanders, Nicholas J.; Barreca, Alan, I
作者单位：Cornell University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The Acid Rain Program (ARP) cut sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from power plants in the United States, with considerable benefits. We show this also reduced ambient sulfate levels, which lowered agriculture productivity through decreased soil sulfur. Using plant-level SO2 emissions and an atmospheric transport model, we estimate the relationship between airborne sulfate levels and yields for corn and soybeans. We estimate crop revenue losses for these two crops at around $1-$1.5 billion per ye...
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作者：Dippel, Christian
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：This paper studies public sector pension obligations, the biggest fiscal challenge currently facing many US cities. Employing a regression discontinuity design around close elections, benefit payments out of a city's public sector pensions are shown to grow faster under Democratic party mayors, while contributions into the pensions do not. Previous research showed that parties do not matter for a wide range of cities' fiscal expenditures and explained this with voters imposing fiscal disciplin...
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作者：Lee, Samuel; Persson, Petra
作者单位：Santa Clara University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：Certain markets are illicit because part of the supply is coerced, but little is known about the optimal regulation of such markets. We model a prostitution market with voluntary and coerced prostitutes and ask what regulation can restore the benchmark outcome that would arise under laissez-faire absent coercion. Whereas current policies-decriminalization, criminalization of the buy or sell sides, and licensing-are ineffective against trafficking or harm voluntary suppliers, we show that an al...
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作者：COHEN, F. R. A. N. C. O. I. S.; DECHEZLEPRETRE, A. N. T. O. I. N. E.
作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We examine the impact of temperature on mortality in Mexico using daily data over the period 1998-2017 and find that 3.8 percent of deaths in Mexico are caused by suboptimal temperature (26,000 every year). However, 92 percent of weather-related deaths are induced by cold (<12 degrees C) or mildly cold (12-20 degrees C) days and only 2 percent by outstandingly hot days (>32 degrees C). Furthermore, temperatures are twice as likely to kill people in the bottom half of the income distribution. F...
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作者：ZHENG, A. N. G. E. L. A.
作者单位：McMaster University
摘要：School choice programs break the link between residential location and school attendance, and should weaken the capitalization of school quality into house prices. For the first time, I quantify the effect of one such program-charter school expansions-across several states using a dataset covering charter entries and house prices. I embed an event study of charter entry into a boundary discontinuity design and find that, on average, school choice decreases the valuation of traditional schools ...
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作者：Bond, Timothy N.; Carr, Jillian B.; Packham, Analisa; Smith, Jonathan
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Monthly government transfer programs create cycles of consump-tion that track the timing of benefit receipt. If these cycles corre-spond to critical moments for student learning and achievement, the timing of transfers may have important long-run implications for low-income students. In this paper we exploit state-level variation in the staggered timing of nutritional assistance benefit issuance to analyze effects on academic achievement. Using individual-level data from a large national colle...
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作者：Agha, Leila; Zeltzer, Dan
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tel Aviv University
摘要：Pharmaceutical companies market to physicians through individual detailing accompanied by monetary or in-kind transfers. Large compensation payments to a small number of physicians account for most of this promotional spending. Studying US promotional payments and prescriptions for anticoagulant drugs, we investigate how peer influence broadens the payments'reach. Following a compensation payment, prescriptions for the marketed drug increase from both the paid physician and the paid physician'...
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作者：Douenne, Thomas; Fabre, Adrien
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of Amsterdam; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：Using a representative survey, we find that after the Yellow Vests movement, French people would largely reject a tax and dividend policy, i.e., a carbon tax whose revenues are redistributed uniformly to each adult. They overestimate their net monetary losses, wrongly think that the policy is regressive, and do not perceive it as environmentally effective. We show that changing people's beliefs can substantially increase support. Although significant, the effects of our informational treatment...
