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作者：Dziuda, Wioletta; Loeper, Antoine
作者单位：University of Chicago; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：We analyze a bargaining situation in which preferences evolve over time and the previous agreement becomes the next status quo. The endogeneity of the status quo exacerbates the players' conflict of interest: Players disagree more often than under exogenous status quo. This leads to inefficiencies and status quo inertia. Under certain conditions, the negotiations can come to a complete gridlock: Players never reach an agreement. Gridlock can occur between players with arbitrarily similar prefe...
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作者：Albanesi, Stefania; Olivetti, Claudia
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Boston College; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Maternal mortality was the second-largest cause of death for women in childbearing years until the mid-1930s in the United States. For each death, 20 times as many mothers suffered pregnancy-related conditions, which made it hard for them to engage in market work. Between 1930 and 1960 there was a remarkable improvement in maternal health. We argue that this development, by enabling women to reconcile work and motherhood, was essential for the joint rise in women's labor force participation an...
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作者：Fowlie, Meredith; Reguant, Mar; Ryan, Stephen P.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We assess the static and dynamic implications of alternative market-based policies limiting greenhouse gas emissions in the US cement industry. Our results highlight two countervailing market distortions. First, emissions regulation exacerbates distortions associated with the exercise of market power in the domestic cement market. Second, emissions leakage in trade-exposed markets offsets domestic emissions reductions. Taken together, these forces can result in social welfare losses under poli...
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作者：Best, Michael Carlos; Brockmeyer, Anne; Kleven, Henrik Jacobsen; Spinnewijn, Johannes; Waseem, Mazhar
作者单位：Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Manchester
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作者：Bhaskar, V.; Hopkins, Ed
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Edinburgh
摘要：We study the efficiency of premarital investments when parents care about their child's marriage prospects, in a large frictionless marriage market with nontransferable utility. Stochastic returns to investment ensure that equilibrium is unique. We find that, generically, investments exceed the Pareto-efficient level, unless the sexes are symmetric in all respects. Girls will invest more than boys if their quality shocks are less variable than shocks for boys or if they are the abundant sex. T...
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作者：Jones, Charles I.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Some technologies save lives-new vaccines, new surgical techniques, safer highways. Others threaten lives-pollution, nuclear accidents, global warming, and the rapid global transmission of disease. How is growth theory altered when technologies involve life and death instead of just higher consumption? This paper shows that taking life into account has first-order consequences. Under standard preferences, the value of life may rise faster than consumption, leading society to value safety over ...
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作者：Pallais, Amanda; Sands, Emily Glassberg
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Referred workers are more likely than nonreferred workers to be hired, all else equal. In three field experiments in an online labor market, we examine why. We find that referrals contain positive information about worker performance and persistence that is not contained in workers' observable characteristics. We also find that referrals perform particularly well when working directly with their referrers. However, we do not find evidence that referrals exert more effort because they believe t...
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作者：Bagues, Manuel; Esteve-Volart, Berta
作者单位：Aalto University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; York University - Canada
摘要：Incumbent politicians tend to receive more votes when economic conditions are good. In this paper we explore the source of this correlation, exploiting the exceptional evidence provided by the Spanish Christmas Lottery. Because winning tickets are typically sold by one lottery outlet, winners tend to be geographically clustered. This allows us to study the impact of exogenous good economic conditions on voting behavior. We find that incumbents receive significantly more votes in winning provin...
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作者：Jepsen, Christopher; Mueser, Peter; Troske, Kenneth
作者单位：University College Dublin; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Kentucky
摘要：We evaluate returns to General Educational Development (GED) certification for high school dropouts using state administrative data. We apply a fuzzy regression discontinuity method to account for test takers retaking the test. For women we find that GED certification has no statistically significant effect on either employment or earnings. For men we find a significant increase in earnings in the second year after taking the test but no impact in subsequent years. GED certification increases ...
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作者：Burnside, Craig; Eichenbaum, Martin; Rebelo, Sergio
作者单位：Duke University; University of Glasgow; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Some booms in housing prices are followed by busts. Others are not. It is generally difficult to find observable fundamentals that are useful for predicting whether a boom will turn into a bust or not. We develop a model consistent with these observations. Agents have heterogeneous expectations about long-run fundamentals but change their views because of social dynamics. Agents with tighter priors are more likely to convert others to their beliefs. Boom-bust episodes typically occur when skep...
