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作者：Ely, Jeffrey; Frankel, Alexander; Kamenica, Emir
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Chicago
摘要：We model demand for noninstrumental information, drawing on the idea that people derive entertainment utility from suspense and surprise. A period has more suspense if the variance of the next period's beliefs is greater. A period has more surprise if the current belief is further from the last period's belief. Under these definitions, we analyze the optimal way to reveal information over time so as to maximize expected suspense or surprise experienced by a Bayesian audience. We apply our resu...
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作者：Caliendo, Lorenzo; Monte, Ferdinando; Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban
作者单位：Yale University; Johns Hopkins University; Princeton University
摘要：We study the internal organization of French manufacturing firms. We divide the employees of each firm into layers using occupational categories. Layers are hierarchical in that the typical worker in a higher layer earns more, and the typical firm occupies less of them. The probability of adding/dropping a layer is positively/negatively correlated with value added. Reorganization, through changes in layers, is essential to understanding how firms grow. Firms that expand substantially add layer...
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作者：Carneiro, Pedro; Loken, Katrine V.; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University College London; University of Bergen; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We study a change in maternity leave entitlements in Norway. Mothers giving birth before July 1, 1977, were eligible for 12 weeks of unpaid leave, while those giving birth after that date were entitled to 4 months of paid leave and 12 months of unpaid leave. The increased time spent with the child led to a 2 percentage point decline in high school dropout rates and a 5 percent increase in wages at age 30. These effects were larger for the children of mothers who, in the absence of the reform, ...
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作者：Polachek, Solomon W.; Das, Tirthatanmoy; Thamma-Apiroam, Rewat
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; IZA Institute Labor Economics; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; Kasetsart University
摘要：We derive a tractable nonlinear earnings function that we estimate separately individual by individual using NLSY79 data. We obtain three ability measures, a rate of skill depreciation, a time discount rate, and a population-wide estimate of the human capital rental rate. We utilize these parameters to verify a number of heretofore untested theorems based on the life cycle model. We show how these human capital production function parameters relate to cognitive ability, personality traits, and...
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作者：Sprenger, Charles
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Recent models of reference-dependent preferences indicate that expectations may play a prominent role in the presence of behavioral anomalies. A subset of such expectations-based models predicts an endowment effect for risk: that risk attitudes differ when reference points change from certain to stochastic. In two purposefully simple risk preference experiments, eliminating often-discussed confounds, I demonstrate both between and within subjects such an endowment effect for risk. These result...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Jensen, Martin Kaae
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Leicester
摘要：We consider infinite-horizon economies populated by a continuum of agents subject to idiosyncratic shocks. This framework contains models of saving and capital accumulation with incomplete markets in the spirit of works by Bewley, Aiyagari, and Huggett; models of entry, exit, and industry dynamics in the spirit of Hopenhayn's work; and dynamic models of occupational choice and search models as special cases. Robust and easy-to-apply comparative statics results are established with respect to e...
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作者：Lerner, Josh; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Harvard University; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：A major policy issue in standard setting is that patents that are ex ante not that important, by being included into a standard, may become standard-essential patents. In an attempt to curb the monopoly power that they create, most standard-setting organizations require the owners of patents covered by the standard to make a loose commitment to grant licenses on reasonable terms. Such commitments unsurprisingly are conducive to litigation. This paper builds a framework for the analysis of thes...
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作者：Oliva, Paulina
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Emission regulations become more prevalent in developing countries, but they may be compromised by corruption. This paper documents the prevalence of corruption and the effectiveness of vehicle emission regulations in Mexico City. I develop a statistical test for identifying a specific type of cheating that involves bribing center technicians. I also estimate a structural model of car owner retesting and cheating decisions. Results suggest that 9.6 percent of car owners paid US$20 to circumven...
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作者：Dobbie, Will; Fryer, Roland G., Jr.
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Using survey data from the Promise Academy in the Harlem Children's Zone, we estimate the effects of high-performing charter schools on human capital, risky behaviors, and health outcomes. Six years after the random admissions lottery, youths offered admission to the Promise Academy middle school score 0.279 (0.073) standard deviations higher on academic achievement outcomes, 0.067 (0.076) standard deviations higher on an index of academic attainment, and 0.313 (0.091) standard deviations high...
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作者：Altonji, Joseph G.; Huang, Ching-I; Taber, Christopher R.
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Taiwan University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We derive a formula to determine the degree to which a school choice program may harm public school stayers by luring the best students to other schools. The cream skimming effect is increasing in the degree of heterogeneity within schools, the school choice take-up rate of strong students relative to weak students, and the dependence of school outcomes on student body quality. We use the formula to investigate the cream skimming effect of hypothetical voucher programs on the high school gradu...
