Science

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• Should grant applicants judge competitors' proposals? AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Single- and multithread rivers originate from (im)balance between lateral erosion and accretion AI翻译
  作者：Chadwick, Austin J.; Greenberg, Evan; Ganti, Vamsi
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Columbia University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology
  摘要：Why river channels confine flow to a single pathway or divide flow into multiple interwoven pathways (threads) forms a long-standing fundamental question in river science, which to date remains poorly understood. In this study, we probed channel-pattern origins by mapping thread dynamics along 84 rivers from 36 years of global satellite imagery using particle image velocimetry. Results show that single-thread channels originate from a balance between lateral erosion and accretion, which enable...
• The forearc seismic belt: A fluid pathway constraining down-dip megathrust earthquake rupture AI翻译
  作者：Suzuki, Rintaroh; Uchida, Naoki; Zhu, Weiqiang; Beroza, Gregory C.; Nakayama, Takashi; Yoshida, Keisuke; Toyokuni, Genti; Takagi, Ryota; Azuma, Ryosuke; Hasegawa, Akira
  作者单位：Tohoku University; University of Tokyo; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University
  摘要：A portion of fluids subducted in an oceanic plate is thought to return to Earth's surface and has the potential to influence faulting during that migration. We used machine learning to detect and locate earthquakes in the northeast Japan forearc using data from a cabled ocean-bottom seismic network. That seismicity shows vertical distributions extending from the subducted plate to near the sea floor. The forearc seismic belt corresponds to the seismicity assumed to result from fluid supply fro...
• PEPFAR disruptions could cause HIV resurgence AI翻译
  作者：Powers, Kimberly A.; Lessler, Justin; Cole, Stephen R.; Cohen, Myron S.
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine
• Organelles share the load AI翻译
  作者：Fransen, Marc
  作者单位：KU Leuven
• AI challenge to find lost Amazonian cities draws critics AI翻译
  作者：Moutinho, Sofia
• Cryo-EM structure of human telomerase dimer reveals H/ACA RNP-mediated dimerization AI翻译
  作者：Balch, Sebastian; Sekne, Zala; Franco-Echevarria, Elsa; Ludzia, Patryk; Kretsch, Rachael C.; Sun, Wenqing; Yu, Haopeng; Ghanim, George E.; Thorkelsson, Sigurdur; Ding, Yiliang; Das, Rhiju; Nguyen, Thi Hoang Duong
  作者单位：MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; Stanford University; Northeast Normal University - China; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; University of Cambridge; Princeton University; Thermo Fisher Scientific
  摘要：Telomerase ribonucleoprotein (RNP) synthesizes telomeric repeats at chromosome ends using a telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and a telomerase RNA (hTR in humans). Previous structural work showed that human telomerase is typically monomeric, containing a single copy of TERT and hTR. Evidence for dimeric complexes exists, although the composition, high-resolution structure, and function remain elusive. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a human telomerase ...
• Atomic explosion AI翻译
  作者：Cho, Adrian
• Tissue-integrated bionic knee restores versatile legged movement after amputation AI翻译
  作者：Shu, Tony; Levine, Daniel; Yeon, Seong Ho; Chun, Ethan; Shallal, Christopher C.; McCullough, John; Branemark, Rickard; Carty, Matthew J.; Ferrone, Marco; Boerhout, Sean; Ko, Alexander; Sullivan, Corey L.; Zhu, Gloria; Nawrot, Michael; Carney, Matthew; Wieschhoff, Ged; Friedman, Gabriel; Herr, Hugh
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Gothenburg; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
  摘要：Lower-extremity prostheses have evolved through mechanical redesigns that prioritize improved cyclic locomotion. However, this limited approach to limb restoration has precluded necessary progress toward recovering the versatile acyclic movements that constitute the remainder of human athleticism. We present an osseointegrated mechanoneural prosthesis that incorporates modified hard and soft tissues along with permanently implanted hardware in a neuroembodied design. We developed a biomimetic ...
• Discrete spatiotemporal encoding of striatal dopamine transmission AI翻译
  作者：Yee, Andrew G.; Liao, Yini; Muntean, Brian S.; Ford, Christopher P.
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University System of Georgia; Augusta University
  摘要：Dopamine (DA) transmission critically regulates diverse, basal ganglia-dependent behaviors by activating distinct subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors. Spatially broad DA release has been extensively characterized, but how DA transmission affects striatal function at a subcellular scale remains poorly understood. Using 2P imaging and whole-cell electrophysiology, we defined the spatiotemporal properties of DA transmission onto striatal indirect pathway spiny projection neurons. Sparse activ...