Science

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• Dome-celled aerogels with ultrahigh-temperature superelasticity over 2273 K AI翻译
  作者：Pang, Kai; Xia, Yuxing; Liu, Xiaoting; Tong, Wenhao; Li, Xiaotong; Li, Chenyang; Zhao, Wenbo; Chen, Yan; Qin, Huasong; Fang, Wenzhang; Peng, Li; Liu, Yilun; Gao, Weiwei; Xu, Zhen; Liu, Yingjun; Gao, Chao
  作者单位：Zhejiang University
  摘要：Aerogels are known for their high porosity and very low density and can be made from a range of materials, but are limited by structural instability under extreme thermomechanical conditions. We report on 194 types of dome-celled ultralight aerogels that maintain superior elasticity spanning from 4.2 kelvin (K) to 2273 K, realized by a two-dimensional channel-confined chemistry method. Such aerogels exhibit superelasticity under 99% strain for 20,000 cycles and thermal shock resistance at 2273...
• A wave of Thetis cells imparts tolerance to food antigens early in life AI翻译
  作者：Cabric, Vanja; Franco Parisotto, Yollanda; Park, Tyler; Akagbosu, Blossom; Zhao, Zihan; Lo, Yun; Shibu, Gayathri; Fisher, Logan; Paucar Iza, Yoselin A.; Leslie, Christina; Brown, Chrysothemis C.
  作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University
  摘要：In the intestine, peripherally induced regulatory T (pTreg) cells play an essential role in suppressing inflammatory responses to food proteins. However, the identity of the antigen-presenting cells that instruct food-specific pTreg cells is poorly understood. We found that a subset of Thetis cells, TC IV, is required for food-specific pTreg cell differentiation. TC IV were almost exclusively present within mesenteric lymph nodes, suggesting that their presence underlies the phenomenon of oral...
• NIH suspends alleged 'gain-of-function' studies AI翻译
  作者：Cohen, Jon; Kaiser, Jocelyn
• RORing for oral tolerance AI翻译
  作者：Johansson, Cecilia
  作者单位：Imperial College London
• Polyglycine proteins leave transfer RNAs unglued Disruption of transfer RNA processing may unite the pathogenesis of CGG repeat expansion disorders AI翻译
  作者：Kapur, Mridu; Ackerman, Susan L.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• Bridging the pyridine-pyridazine synthesis gap by skeletal editing AI翻译
  作者：Purins, Mikus; Nakahara, Hikaru; Levin, Mark D.
  作者单位：University of Chicago
  摘要：Pairs of heterocycles differing by a single constitutive ring atom can exhibit stark differences in the retrosynthetic disconnections available for their preparation. Such a synthesis gap is exemplified by pyridine and pyridazine. Pyridine (a six-membered C5N ring) has risen to prominence in discovery chemistry, its ease of assembly spurring further synthetic development. Despite a host of favorable properties, pyridazine (an analogous C4N2 ring) has comparatively lagged behind-a discrepancy a...
• Disorder meets its match AI翻译
  作者：Moses, Alan M.; Forman-Kay, Julie D.
  作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto
• Midline assembloids reveal regulators of human axon guidance AI翻译
  作者：Onesto, Massimo M.; Amin, Neal D.; Pan, Chenjie; Chen, Xiaoyu; Kim, Ji-il; Reis, Noah; Kanton, Sabina; Valencia, Alfredo M.; Hudacova, Zuzana; McQueen, James P.; Tessier-Lavigne, Marc; Pasca, Sergiu P.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Organizers orchestrate cell patterning and axon guidance in the developing nervous system. Although nonhuman models have led to fundamental discoveries about floor plate (FP)-mediated midline organization, an experimental model of the human FP would enable insights into human neurodevelopment and midline connectivity. Here, we developed organoids resembling human FP (hFpOs) and assembled them with human spinal cord organoids (hSpOs) to generate midline assembloids (hMAs). We demonstrate that h...
• A new age of molecular chirality Advanced optical approaches reshape the frontiers of chiral sensing AI翻译
  作者：Smirnova, Olga
  作者单位：Leibniz Association; Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics & Short Term Spectroscopy; Technical University of Berlin; Technion Israel Institute of Technology
• ASB7 is a negative regulator of H3K9me3 homeostasis AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Liwen; Chen, Zhenxuan; Zou, Yezi; Zhang, Xia; Wang, Zifeng; Zhu, Hongwen; Lin, Jiahui; Huang, Ziyao; Zheng, Lisi; Chen, Jiali; Xie, Miner; Zhang, Meifang; Zhang, Ruhua; Zhu, Minglu; Wang, Ziwen; Zhou, Hu; Gao, Song; Yin, Yuxin; Wu, Yuanzhong; Kang, Tiebang
  作者单位：State Key Lab Oncology South China; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS; South China University of Technology; Peking University
  摘要：The maintenance of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) involves the recognition of preexisting modifications by heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1), which recruits the methyltransferase suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) to methylate the adjacent newly incorporated histones, establishing a positive feedback loop. However, how this positive feedback is restricted to maintain H3K9me3 homeostasis remains largely unknown. We performed an unbiased genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen...