Dome-celled aerogels with ultrahigh-temperature superelasticity over 2273 K

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Pang, Kai; Xia, Yuxing; Liu, Xiaoting; Tong, Wenhao; Li, Xiaotong; Li, Chenyang; Zhao, Wenbo; Chen, Yan; Qin, Huasong; Fang, Wenzhang; Peng, Li; Liu, Yilun; Gao, Weiwei; Xu, Zhen; Liu, Yingjun; Gao, Chao
• 署名单位: Zhejiang University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11347
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adw5777
• 发表日期: 2025-07-17
• 页码: 290-294
• 关键词: ceramic aerogels; thermal-conductivity; graphene aerogel; lightweight

摘要

Aerogels are known for their high porosity and very low density and can be made from a range of materials, but are limited by structural instability under extreme thermomechanical conditions. We report on 194 types of dome-celled ultralight aerogels that maintain superior elasticity spanning from 4.2 kelvin (K) to 2273 K, realized by a two-dimensional channel-confined chemistry method. Such aerogels exhibit superelasticity under 99% strain for 20,000 cycles and thermal shock resistance at 2273 K over 100 cycles. The high-entropy carbide aerogel achieves a thermal conductivity of 53.4 mWm-1K-1 at 1273 K and 171.1 mWm-1K-1 at 2273 K. The combination of temperature-invariant elasticity and chemical diversity makes such aerogels highly promising for extreme thermomechanics, from heat-insulated industries to deep space exploration.