Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Promoting collective cooperation through temporal interactions AI翻译
  作者：Meng, Yao; McAvoy, Alex; Li, Aming
  作者单位：Peking University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Peking University
  摘要：Collective cooperation maintains the function of many natural and social systems, making understanding the evolution of cooperation a central question of modern science. Although human interactions involve complex contact networks, current explorations are limited to static networks, where social ties are permanent and do not change over time. In reality, human activities often involve temporal interactions, where links are impermanent, and understanding the evolution of cooperation on such te...
• JunB-HBZ nuclear translocation by TGF-β is a key driver in HTLV-1-mediated leukemogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Wenyi; Shichijo, Takafumi; Chen, Xueda; Watanabe, Miho; Nosaka, Kisato; Matsuoka, Masao; Yasunaga, Jun-ichirou
  作者单位：Kumamoto University
  摘要：The HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) gene, which is the only viral gene conserved and consistently expressed in all adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cases, is critical for ATL oncogenesis. Although HBZ protein is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, the dynamics of HBZ protein localization and its contribution to oncogenesis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the subcellular expression pattern of HBZ in primary HTLV-1-infected T cells from asymptomatic carriers and ...
• FtsZ-mediated spatial-temporal control over septal cell wall synthesis AI翻译
  作者：Hu, Longhua; Perez, Amilcar J.; Nesterova, Tanya; Lyu, Zhixin; Yahashiri, Atsushi; Weiss, David S.; Xiao, Jie; Liu, Jian
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Iowa; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
  摘要：FtsZ, the tubulin-like GTPase, is the central organizer of the bacterial divisome, a macromolecular complex that synthesizes new septal cell wall (made of septal peptidoglycan, sPG) to allow cell wall constriction and cytokinesis. In Escherichia coli, it was shown that 1) FtsZ recruits all essential divisome proteins to the septum, including the core sPG synthase complex, FtsWIQLB, and its activator, FtsN; 2) FtsWIQLB must complex with FtsN to be activated to synthesize sPG under the wildtype ...
• Heightened interest in the human X and Y chromosomes AI翻译
  作者：Lawson, Ann Marie; Mueller, Jacob L.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• A norm about harvest division is maintained by a desire to follow tradition, not by social policing AI翻译
  作者：Yan, Minhua; Li, Zhizhong; Li, Yuanmei; Boyd, Robert; Mathew, Sarah; Weber, Elke
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Max Planck Society; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
  摘要：Determining how people behave in contexts governed by social norms can clarify both how norms influence human behavior and how norms evolve. We examined cooperative farming harvest division among the Derung, a Tibeto-Burman-speaking horticultural society in southwestern China. In the village of Dizhengdang, the norm dictates that cofarming harvests should be divided equally among participating households. This contrasts with an alternative norm followed in some other Derung villages that holds...
• Early evidence for pig domestication (8,000 cal. BP) in the Lower Yangtze, South China AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Jiajing; Tang, Yiyi; Zheng, Yunfei; Jiang, Leping; Ma, Xiaolin; Hou, Yanfeng; Sun, Guoping
  作者单位：Shanghai University
  摘要：The domestication of pigs (Sus scrofa) has had profound socioeconomic and ecological consequences. Although pigs are believed to have been independently domesticated in South China, the timing and initial mechanisms of this process remain debated. This study presents a microfossil analysis of pig dental calculus from two early Neolithic sites (8,200 to 7,000 cal. BP). Analyses of starch, phytolith, and parasite remains indicate that pigs consumed human- associated foods and waste, including co...
• Development of an in situ CAR-T cell protocol through optical and PSMA-targeted PET imaging AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Nisi; Seo, Jai Woong; Robinson, Elise; Rivera-Rodriguez, Angelie; Wang, James; Guo, Yutong; Czerwinski, Debra K.; Kim, Ha Rin; Tumbale, Spencer K.; Raie, Marina N.; Jan, Basit L.; Engudar, Gokce; Sallets, Adrienne; Minn, Il; Pomper, Martin G.; Levy, Ronald; Ferrara, Katherine W.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：In situ T cell transfection methods overcome the complexity and high costs associated with conventional chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy. However, the in situ CAR-T cell approach operates within the patient's complex immune environment and bypasses preinfusion ex vivo cellular quality controls, necessitating advanced imaging techniques to track immune cell migration and function. Positron emission tomography (PET) can detect biochemical processes in patients and, when combined with a ...
• Reinforcement generates systematic differences without heterogeneity AI翻译
  作者：Gelastopoulos, Alexandros; Sage, Lucas; van de Rijt, Arnout
  作者单位：University of Southern Denmark; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Universite de Toulouse; European University Institute; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione (ISTC-CNR)
  摘要：Inequality in outcomes may emerge through a reinforcement process in which stochastic variation in values is determined by prior values but may also originate in preexisting differences in unobserved factors. A common approach toward differentiating between these origins in longitudinal data is to attribute systematic differences between units-differences in means or differences proportional to a time-varying group average-to unobserved heterogeneity. We show that any longitudinal data with sy...
• Transcription-templated assembly of the nucleolus in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo AI翻译
  作者：Kodan, Nishant; Hussaini, Rabeya; Weber, Stephanie C.; Kondev, Jane; Mohapatra, Lishibanya
  作者单位：Rochester Institute of Technology; New York University; McGill University; McGill University; Brandeis University
  摘要：The nucleolus is a multicomponent structure made of RNA and proteins that serves as the site of ribosome biogenesis within the nucleus. It has been extensively studied as a prototype of a biomolecular condensate whose assembly is driven by phase separation. While the steady-state size of the nucleolus is quantitatively accounted for by the thermodynamics of phase separation, we show that experimental measurements of the assembly dynamics are inconsistent with a simple model of a phase-separati...
• Modular arrangement of synaptic and intrinsic homeostatic plasticity within visual cortical circuits AI翻译
  作者：Wen, Wei; Prada, Adriana M.; Turrigiano, Gina G.
  作者单位：Brandeis University
  摘要：Neocortical circuits use synaptic and intrinsic forms of homeostatic plasticity to stabilize key features of network activity, but whether these different homeostatic mechanisms act redundantly or can be independently recruited to stabilize different network features is unknown. Here, we used pharmacological and genetic perturbations both in vitro and in vivo to determine whether synaptic scaling and intrinsic homeostatic plasticity (IHP) are arranged and recruited in a hierarchical or modular...