Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• The Hippo pathway and p27Kip1 cooperate to suppress mitotic regeneration in the organ of Corti and the retina AI翻译
  作者：Jahanshir, Eva; Llamas, Juan; Kim, Yeeun; Biju, Kevin; Oak, Sanyukta; Gnedeva, Ksenia
  摘要：The mature mammalian auditory sensory organ, the organ of Corti (OC), lacks the capacity for regenerating hair cells, leading to permanent hearing impairment. In contrast, the vestibular system has a limited capacity for hair cell regeneration, which we have shown to be further enhanced by inhibiting the Hippo pathway. Here, we demonstrate that, despite similar transcriptional responses, only vestibular and not auditory supporting cells proliferate as a result of Yap activation following Hippo...
• The PVD neuron has male- specific structure and mating function in Caenorhabditis elegans AI翻译
  作者：Iosilevskii, Yael; Hall, David H.; Katz, Menachem; Podbilewicz, Benjamin
  作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University
  摘要：Neurons display unique shapes and establish intricate networks, which may differ between sexes. In complex organisms, studying sex differences in structure and function of individual neurons is difficult. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites and males present an exceptional model for studying neuronal morphogenesis in a simple, sexually dimorphic system. We focus on the polymodal sensory bilateral neuron pair PVD, which forms a complex but stereotypic dendritic tree composed of m...
• Adaptive ATP-induced molecular condensation in membranized protocells AI翻译
  作者：Mukwaya, Vincent; Yu, Xiaolei; Yang, Shuo; Mann, Stephen; Dou, Hongjing
  作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of Bristol
  摘要：Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been achieved in various cytomimetic (protocell) models, but controlling molecular condensation using noninert crowders to systematically alter protocell function remains challenging. Intracellular ATP levels influence protein-protein interactions, and dysregulation of ATP can alter cellular crowding dynamics, thereby disrupting the normal formation or dissolution of condensates. Here, we develop a membranized protocell model capable of endogenous LLPS...
• Deep learning-driven bacterial cytological profiling to determine antimicrobial mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (vol 122, e2419813122, 2025) AI翻译
  作者：Quach, Diana; Sharp, Marc; Ahmed, Sara; Ames, Lauren; Bhagwat, Amala; Deshpande, Aditi; Parish, Tanya; Pogliano, Joe; Sugie, Joseph
• Bridging the human-AI knowledge gap through concept discovery and transfer in AlphaZero AI翻译
  作者：Schut, Lisa; Tomasev, Nenad; McGrath, Thomas; Hassabis, Demis; Paquet, Ulrich; Kim, Been
  作者单位：University of Oxford; Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind; Google Incorporated; Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind
  摘要：AI systems have attained superhuman performance across various domains. If the hidden knowledge encoded in these highly capable systems can be leveraged, human knowledge and performance can be advanced. Yet, this internal knowledge is difficult to extract. Due to the vast space of possible internal representations, searching for meaningful new conceptual knowledge can be like finding a needle in a haystack. Here, we introduce a method that extracts new chess concepts from AlphaZero, an AI syst...
• Molecular design principles for bipolar spindle organization by two opposing motors AI翻译
  作者：Chew, Wei-Xiang; Nedelec, Francois; Surrey, Thomas
  作者单位：Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Pompeu Fabra University; Centre de Regulacio Genomica (CRG); University of Cambridge; Pompeu Fabra University; ICREA
  摘要：During cell division in animal cells, a bipolar spindle assembles to segregate the chromosomes. Various motor proteins with different properties are essential for spindle self- organization. The minimal set of components required to organize dynamic microtubules into a bipolar network remains however unknown. Here, we use computer simulations to explore whether two types of microtubule- crosslinking motors with opposite directionality can organize dynamic microtubules into bipolar spindles in ...
• Trans-synaptic modulation of cholinergic circuits tunes opioid reinforcement AI翻译
  作者：Zucca, Stefano; Brunori, Gloria; Dunn, Henry A.; Lankford, Colten K.; Sutton, Laurie P.; Flores, Beatriz Algibez; Maza, Nycole A.; Sial, Omar; Crynen, Gogce; Lujan, Rafael; Martemyanov, Kirill A.
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; University of Manitoba; University of Manitoba; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba; University of Manitoba; Saint Boniface Hospital; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County
  摘要：Opioids trigger structural and functional neural adaptations of the reward circuit that lead to dependence. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play a pivotal role in circuit organization and present prime candidates for orchestrating remodeling of neural connections in response to drug exposure. However, the contribution of CAMs to opioid-induced rewiring of the reward circuit has not been explored. Here, we used unbiased molecular profiling to identify CAMs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc)...
• Reply to Crabtree: Market research panels augmenting microtask platforms AI翻译
  作者：Gvirtz, Andres; Sabherwal, Anandita
  作者单位：University of London; King's College London; Princeton University; Boston College
• A unified neural representation model for spatial and conceptual computations AI翻译
  作者：Haga, Tatsuya; Oseki, Yohei; Fukai, Tomoki
  作者单位：Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; National Institute of Information & Communications Technology (NICT) - Japan; University of Tokyo
  摘要：The hippocampus and entorhinal cortex encode spaces by spatially local and hexagonal grid activity patterns (place cells and grid cells), respectively. In addition, the same brain regions also implicate neural representations for nonspatial, semantic concepts (concept cells). These observations suggest that neurocomputational mechanisms for spatial knowledge and semantic concepts are related in the brain. However, the exact relationship remains to be understood. Here, we show a mathematical co...
• Spinal TRPC3 promotes neuropathic pain and coordinates phospholipase C-induced mechanical hypersensitivity AI翻译
  作者：Tobori, Shota; Tamada, Kosei; Uemura, Nagi; Sawada, Kyoko; Kakae, Masashi; Nagayasu, Kazuki; Nakagawa, Takayuki; Mori, Yasuo; Kaneko, Shuji; Shirakawa, Hisashi
  作者单位：Kyoto University; Wakayama Medical University; University of Osaka; Kyoto University
  摘要：Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic condition mainly caused by peripheral nerve injury. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this condition remain unclear. Transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3), a TRP channel that is activated by downstream of the Gq-phospholipase C (PLC) axis, is expressed in the somatosensory system. Therefore, the present study investigated its pathophysiological role in neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. Here, partial...