Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Multiomics integration prioritizes potential drug targets for multiple sclerosis AI翻译
  作者：Jiang, Yuan; Liu, Qianwen; Stridh, Pernilla; Kockum, Ingrid; Olsson, Tomas; Alfredsson, Lars; Diaz-Gallo, Lina - Marcela; Jiang, Xia
  作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Sichuan University; Sichuan University
  摘要：Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease with no current cure. Drug discovery and repurposing are essential to enhance treatment efficacy and safety. We utilized summary statistics for protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) of 2,004 plasma and 1,443 brain proteins, a genome-wide association study of MS susceptibilitywith 14,802 cases and 26,703 controls, both bulk and cell-type specific transcriptome data, and external pQTL data in blood and brain. Our integrative analysis include...
• Population structure limits the use of genomic data for predicting phenotypes and managing genetic resources in forest trees AI翻译
  作者：Slavov, Gancho T.; Macaya-Sanz, David; DiFazio, Stephen P.; Howe, Glenn T.
  作者单位：UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Institute of Biological, Environmental, Rural & Sciences (IBERS); Aberystwyth University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Rothamsted Research; West Virginia University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Oregon State University
  摘要：There is overwhelming evidence that forest trees are locally adapted to climate. Thus, genecological models based on population phenotypes have been used to measure local adaptation, infer genetic maladaptation to climate, and guide assisted migration. However, instead of phenotypes, there is increasing interest in using genomic data for gene resource management. We used whole-genome resequencing and common-garden experiments to understand the genetic architecture of adaptive traits in black c...
• Conserving the beauty of the world's reef fish assemblages AI翻译
  作者：McLean, Matthew; Mouillot, David; Langlois, Juliette; Arif, Suchinta; Bejarano, Sonia; Casajus, Nicolas; Edgar, Graham J.; Flandrin, Ulysse; Guilhaumon, Francois; Judah, Aaron B.; Loiseau, Nicolas; MacNeil, M. Aaron; Maire, Eva; Stuart-Smith, Rick D.; Mouquet, Nicolas
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Wilmington; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; Ifremer; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Dalhousie University; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Zentrum fur Marine Tropenforschung (ZMT); University of Tasmania; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Ifremer; University of La Reunion; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; Dalhousie University; Lancaster University
  摘要：On shallow rocky and coral reefs, cultural and recreational values, like aesthetics, are critical aspects of Nature's Contributions to People (NCP) that support human well- being and provide billions of dollars in tourism revenue. Quantifying the aesthetic value of reef ecosystems and uncovering the conditions that enhance it could support NCP- based management. Here, we combine a global dataset of reef fish surveys, species- level aesthetic values, and causal modeling to assess the global sta...
• Information rate of meaningful communication AI翻译
  作者：Sivan, Doron; Tsodyks, Misha
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Institute for Advanced Study - USA
  摘要：In Shannon's seminal paper, the entropy of printed English, treated as a stationary stochastic process, was estimated to be roughly 1 bit per character. However, considered as a means of communication, language differs considerably from its printed form: i) the units of information are not characters or even words but clauses, i.e., shortest meaningful parts of speech; and ii) what is transmitted is principally the meaning of what is being said or written, while the precise phrasing that was u...
• Synonymous edits in the Escherichia coli genome have substantial and condition-dependent effects on fitness (vol 121, e2316834121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Dong-Dong; Rusch, Leo M.; Widney, Karl A.; Morgenthaler, Andrew B.; Copley, Shelley D.
• Metallicity and anomalous Hall effect in epitaxially strained, atomically thin RuO2 films AI翻译
  作者：Jeong, Seung Gyo; Lee, Seungjun; Lin, Bonnie; Yang, Zhifei; Choi, In Hyeok; Oh, Jin Young; Song, Sehwan; Lee, Seung wook; Nair, Sreejith; Choudhary, Rashmi; Parikh, Juhi; Park, Sungkyun; Choi, Woo Seok; Lee, Jong Seok; Lebeau, James M.; Low, Tony; Jalan, Bharat
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST); Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Pusan National University
  摘要：The anomalous Hall effect (AHE), a hallmark of time-reversal symmetry breaking, has been reported in rutile RuO2, a debated metallic altermagnetic candidate. Previously, AHE in RuO2 was observed only in strain-relaxed thick films under extremely high magnetic fields (similar to 50 T). Yet, in ultrathin strained films with distinctive anisotropic electronic structures, there are no reports, likely due to disorder and defects suppressing metallicity thus hindering its detection. Here, we demonst...
• To enhance sustainable development goal research, open up commercial satellite image archives (vol 122, e2410246122, 2025) AI翻译
  作者：Rufin, Philippe; Meyfroidt, Patrick; Akinyemi, Felicia O.; Estes, Lyndon; Ibrahim, Esther Shupel; Jain, Meha; Kerner, Hannah; Lisboa, Sa Nogueira; Lobell, David; Nakalembe, Catherine; Persello, Claudio; Picoli, Michelle C. A.; Ribeiro, Natasha; Sitoe, Almeida Alberto; Waha, Katharina; Wang, Sherrie
• Increasing boreal fires reduce future global warming and sea ice loss AI翻译
  作者：Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, Edward; Derepentigny, Patricia; Frierson, Dargan M. W.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：Biomass burning can affect climate via the emission of aerosols and their subsequent impact on radiation, cloud microphysics, and surface and atmospheric albedo. Biomass burning emissions (BBEs) over the boreal region have strongly increased during the last decade and are expected to continue increasing as the climate warms. Climate models simulate aerosol processes, yet historical and future Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) simulations have no active fire component, and BBEs are p...
• Climate warming increases global oceanic dimethyl sulfide emissions AI翻译
  作者：Joge, Sankirna D.; Mansour, Karam; Simo, Rafel; Gali, Marti; Steiner, Nadja; Lopez, Alfonso Saiz-; Mahajan, Anoop S.
  作者单位：Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) - India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM); Savitribai Phule Pune University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC-CNR); Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Alexandria University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro Mediterraneo de Investigaciones Marinas y Ambientales (CMIMA); CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM); Fisheries & Oceans Canada; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC)
  摘要：Oceanic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the largest natural source of atmospheric sulfur. DMS is biologically produced in seawater and emitted into the atmosphere, where its oxidation products contribute to aerosol formation with consequences for cloud albedo and the Earth's radiative budget and climate. Climate model projections of how DMS emissions change with global warming are largely uncertain, even contradictory. Here, we use machine- learning models trained with biome- resolved global observa...
• Declining coral calcification to enhance twenty- first- century ocean carbon uptake by gigatonnes AI翻译
  作者：Kwiatkowski, Lester; Planchat, Alban; Pyolle, Marc; Torres, Olivier; Bouttes, Nathaelle; Courte, Adrien; Bopp, Laurent
  作者单位：University of Bern; University of Bern; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Saclay; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Saclay; CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ifremer; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Bretagne Occidentale
  摘要：The sensitivity of coral reefs to climate change is well established. As the oceans warm and acidify, the calcification of coral reefs declines with net calcium carbonate dissolution projected under even moderate emissions trajectories. The impact of this on the global carbon cycle is however yet to be accounted for. Here, we use a synthesis of the sensitivity of coral reef calcification to climate change, alongside reef distribution products to estimate alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carb...