Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Diversification, niche adaptation, and evolution of a candidate phylum thriving in the deep Critical Zone AI翻译
  作者：Feng, Wenlu; Wan, Xiaonan; Zhang, Yiran; Quensen, John; Williams, Tom A.; Thompson, Michael; Streeter, Matthew; Zhang, Yang; Jiao, Shuo; Wei, Gehong; Zhu, Yuanjun; Gu, Jie; Tiedje, James M.; Qian, Xun
  作者单位：Northwest A&F University - China; Northwest A&F University - China; Northwest A&F University - China; Michigan State University; University of Bristol; Iowa State University; University of Iowa; Northwest A&F University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Soil & Water Conservation (ISWC), CAS; Northwest A&F University - China
  摘要：The deep subsurface soil microbiome encompasses a vast amount of understudied phylogenetic diversity and metabolic novelty, and the metabolic capabilities and ecological roles of these communities remain largely unknown. We observed a widespread and relatively abundant bacterial phylum (CSP1-3) in deep soils and evaluated its phylogeny, ecology, metabolism, and evolutionary history.Genome analysis indicated that members of CSP1-3 were actively replicating in situ and were widely involved in th...
• Maintaining cooperation through vertical communication of trust when removing sanctions AI翻译
  作者：Posten, Ann-Christin; Ugurlar, Pinar; Kube, Sebastian; Lammers, Joris
  作者单位：University of Limerick; Ozyegin University; University of Bonn; University of Bonn; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne
  摘要：An effective way to foster cooperation is to monitor behavior and sanction freeriding. Yet, previous studies have shown that cooperation quickly declines when sanctioning mechanisms are removed. We test whether explicitly expressing trust in players' capability to maintain cooperation after the removal of sanctions, i.e., vertical communication of trust, has the potential to alleviate this drop in compliance. Four incentivized public- goods experiments (N = 2,823) find that the vertical commun...
• A mechanistic basis for genetic assimilation in natural fly populations AI翻译
  作者：Sabaris, Gonzalo; Schuettengruber, Bernd; Papadopoulos, Giorgio L.; Coronado-Zamora, Marta; Fitz-James, Maximilian H.; Gonzalez, Josefa; Cavalli, Giacomo
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE); Pompeu Fabra University
  摘要：Genetic assimilation is a process by which a trait originally driven by the environment becomes independent of the initial cue and is expressed constitutively in a population. More than seven decades have passed since Waddington's pioneering demonstration of the acquisition of morphological traits through genetic assimilation, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we address this gap by performing combined genomic analyses of Waddington's genetic assimilation experiments using th...
• Reply to Grossman et al.: The case for a time- varying oxygen isotopic composition of seawater and cooler Ordovician oceans AI翻译
  作者：Thiagarajan, Nivedita; Lepland, Aivo; Ryb, Uri; Torsvik, Trond H.; Ainsaar, Leho; Hints, Olle; Eiler, John
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Geological Survey of Norway; University of Tartu; Tallinn University of Technology; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Oslo
• Vortex reversal is a precursor of confined bacterial turbulence AI翻译
  作者：Nishiguchi, Daiki; Shiratani, Sora; Takeuchi, Kazumasa A.; Aranson, Igor S.
  作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
  摘要：Active turbulence, or chaotic self-organized collective motion, is often observed in concentrated suspensions of motile bacteria and other systems of self-propelled interacting agents. To date, there is no fundamental understanding of how geometrical confinement orchestrates active turbulence and alters its physical properties. Here, by combining large-scale experiments, computer modeling, and analytical theory, we have identified a generic sequence of transitions occurring in bacterial suspen...
• Inhibition of amyloid beta oligomer accumulation by NU-9: A unifying mechanism for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases AI翻译
  作者：Johnson, Elizabeth A.; Nowar, Raghad; Viola, Kirsten L.; Huang, Weijian; Zhou, Sihang; Bicca, Maira A.; Zhu, Wei; Kranz, Daniel L.; Klein, William L.; Silverman, Richard B.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Protein aggregation is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, which connects these neuropathologies by a common phenotype. Various proteins and peptides form aggregates that are poorly degraded, and their ensuing pathological accumulation underlies these neurodegenerative diseases. Similarities may exist in the mechanisms responsible for the buildup of these aggregates. Therefore, therapeutics designed to treat one neurodegenerative disease may be beneficial to others. In ALS models, the co...
• Atomic ionization: sd energy imbalance and Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction energy penalty in 3d atoms AI翻译
  作者：Maniar, Rohan; Shukla, Priyanka B.; Johnson, J. Karl; Jackson, Koblar A.; Perdew, John P.
  作者单位：Tulane University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Central Michigan University
  摘要：To accurately describe the energetics of transition metal systems, density functional approximations (DFAs) must provide a balanced description of s-and d-electrons. One measure of this is the sd transfer error, which has previously been defined as E(3dn-14s1) - E(3dn-24s2). Theoretical concerns have been raised about this definition due to its evaluation of excited-state energies using ground-state DFAs. A more serious concern appears to be strong correlation in the 4s2 configuration. Here, w...
• A cosmopolitan calcifying benthic foraminifera in agglutinated disguise as a geochemical recorder of coastal environments AI翻译
  作者：Sosnitsky, Tamara; Krekova, Vasilisa; Elisha, Bar; Sadekov, Aleksey; Torfstein, Adi; Holzmann, Maria; Li, Hua; Abramovich, Sigal; Ashckenazi-Polivoda, Sarit
  作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of Western Australia; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; The Inter-University Institute for Marine Sciences; University of Geneva; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
  摘要：Calcifying foraminifera from the orders Rotaliida and Miliolida are widely used geochemical proxies for recording paleoceanographic conditions, while agglutinated foraminifera are often overlooked since their tests are mostly composed of foreign particles. This study investigated the geochemical properties of Textularia agglutinans, cosmopolitan agglutinated benthic species from the order Textulariida which has exceptional inner calcareous test and is evolutionarily basal to Rotaliida. This st...
• Nanoscale distribution of bioactive ligands on biomaterials regulates cell mechanosensing through translocation of actin into the nucleus AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Xiaojing; Zhang, Man; Wang, Peng; Zheng, Kaikai; Wang, Xinlei; Xie, Wenyan; Pan, Xiaokai; Shen, Runjia; Liu, Ruili; Ding, Jiandong; Wei, Qiang
  作者单位：Fudan University; Sichuan University; Shandong University; Sichuan University; Harbin Institute of Technology; Sichuan University
  摘要：Cells respond to adhesive ligands such as arginine- glycine- aspartate (RGD) through integrins, which regulates cellular activities via influencing cytoskeleton assembly. Herein, we report that the nanoscale distribution of active ligands on biomaterials regulates cells through not only cytoplasmic tension but also nuclear tension. This is particularly related to translocation of actin into nucleus and highlighted in our interpretation of an abnormal phenomenon that large RGD nanospacing (>70 ...
• The modern pattern of insect herbivory predates the advent of angiosperms by 60 My AI翻译
  作者：Xiao, Lifang; Chen, Liang; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Azevedo-Schmidt, Lauren; Wang, Yongjie; Ren, Dong
  作者单位：Guangdong Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences; Capital Normal University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Modern ecosystems display complex associations of plants-insects that underwent a long evolutionary process since the appearance of mid- Paleozoic vascular plants. Although several major hypotheses explain the evolution of these plant-insect associations, the initial pattern of modern insect herbivory is poorly understood. To understand the antiquity of modern patterns of terrestrial arthropod herbivory, functional feeding group-damage type (FFG- DT) data were used to analyze a 305 My interval...