Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Enhanced polymorph metastability drives glycine nucleation in aqueous salt solutions AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Ruiyu; Tiwary, Pratyush
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
• The rising income gradient in life expectancy in Sweden over six decades AI翻译
  作者：Hagen, Johannes; Laun, Lisa; Lucke, Charlotte; Palme, Marten
  作者单位：Jonkoping University; Stockholm University
  摘要：This study examines the long-term association between income and life expectancy in Sweden between 1960 and 2021. The study is based on register data that include all Swedish permanent residents aged 40 y and older. The results show that the gap in life expectancy between the top and bottom income percentiles widened substantially: For men, it increased from 3.5 yin the 1960s to 10.9 y by the 2010s, and for women, from 3.8 yin the 1970s to 8.6 y by the 2010s. Despite a reduction in income ineq...
• Single cell-resolved cellular, transcriptional, and epigenetic changes in mouse T cell populations linked to age- associated immune decline AI翻译
  作者：He, Jing; Burova, Elena; Taduriyasas, Chandrika; Ni, Min; Adler, Christina; Wei, Yi; Negron, Nicole; Xiong, Kun; Bai, Yu; Shavlakadze, Tea; Ioffe, Ella; Lin, John C.; Ferrando, Adolfo; Glass, David J.
  作者单位：Regeneron
  摘要：Splenic T cells are pivotal to the immune system, yet their function deteriorates with age. To elucidate the specific aspects of T cell biology affected by aging, we conducted a comprehensive multi-time point single-cell RNA sequencing study, complemented by single-cell Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin (ATAC) sequencing and single-cell T cell repertoire (TCR) sequencing on splenic T cells from mice across 10 different age groups. This map of age-related changes in the distribution of...
• Following phospholipid transfer through the OmpF3-MlaA-MlaC lipid shuttle with native mass spectrometry AI翻译
  作者：Kirschbaum, Carla; Bennett, Jack L.; Tian, Qiaoyu; Sen, Navoneel; Smith, Iain P. S.; Wu, Di; Benesch, Justin L. P.; Khalid, Syma; Isom, Georgia; Robinson, Carol, V
  作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford
  摘要：The maintenance of lipid asymmetry (Mla) system in gram- negative bacteria transfers phospholipids between the outer and inner membrane to maintain the outer membrane asymmetry. Misplaced phospholipids are extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane by MlaA, transferred to the periplasmic lipid transporter MlaC, and shuttled to the inner membrane. We set out to investigate the lipid transfer between MlaA and MlaC using native mass spectrometry, with the aim of determining the lipid ...
• DNA bending mediated by ORC is essential for replication licensing in budding yeast AI翻译
  作者：Lam, Wai Hei; Yu, Daqi; Zhang, Qiongdan; Lin, Yuhan; Li, Ningning; Li, Jian; Wu, Yue; Zhang, Yingyi; Gao, Ning; Tye, Bik Kwoon; Zhai, Yuanliang; Dang, Shangyu
  作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; University of Hong Kong; Peking University; Cornell University
  摘要：In eukaryotes, the origin recognition complex (ORC) promotes the assembly of minichromosome maintenance 2 to 7 complexes into a head-to-head double hexamer at origin DNA in a process known as replication licensing. In this study, we present a series of cryoelectron microscopy structures of yeast ORC mutants in complex with origin DNA. We show that Orc6, the smallest subunit of ORC, utilizes its transcription factor II B-B domain to orchestrate the sequential binding of ORC to origin DNA. In ad...
• Searching permutations for constructing uniformly distributed point sets AI翻译
  作者：Clement, Francois; Doerr, Carola; Klamroth, Kathrin; Paquete, Luis
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; University of Wuppertal; Universidade de Coimbra
  摘要：Uniformly distributed point sets of low discrepancy are heavily used in experimental design and across a very wide range of applications such as numerical integration, computer graphics, and finance. Recent methods based on Graph Neural Networks [T. K. Rusch, N. Kirk, M. M. Bronstein, C. Lemieux, D. Rus, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 121, e2409913121 (2024).] and solver-based optimization identified point sets having much lower discrepancy than previously known constructions. We show in this n...
• Systematic changes in circumpolar dust transport to the Subantarctic Pacific Ocean over the last two glacial cycles (vol 119, e2206085119, 2022) AI翻译
  作者：Struve, Torben; Longman, Jack; Zander, Martin; Lamy, Frank; Winckler, Gisela; Pahnke, Katharina
• Superficial auditory (dis)fluency biases higher- level social judgment AI翻译
  作者：Terrill, Robert Walter-; Ongchoco, Joan Danielle K.; Scholl, Brian J.
  作者单位：Yale University; University of British Columbia; Yale University
  摘要：When talking to other people, we naturally form impressions based not only on what they say but also on how they say it-e.g., how confident they sound. In modern life, however, the sounds of voices are often determined not only by intrinsic qualities (such as vocal anatomy) but also by extrinsic properties (such as videoconferencing microphone quality). Here, we show that such superficial auditory properties can have surprisingly deep consequences for higher- level social judgments. Listeners ...
• The visuomotor transformations underlying target-directed behavior AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Peixiong; Tong, Yuxin; Lazarte, Ivan P.; Khan, Biswadeep; Tian, Guangnan; Chen, Kenny K. Y.; Lam, Thomas K. C.; Hu, Yu; Semmelhack, Julie L.
  作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; University of Oxford; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Stanford University; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：The visual system can process diverse stimuli and make the decision to execute appropriate behaviors, but it remains unclear where and how this transformation takes place. Innate visually evoked behaviors such as hunting, freezing, and escape are thought to be deeply conserved, and have been described in a range of species from insects to humans. We found that zebrafish larvae would respond to predator- like visual stimuli with immobility and bradycardia, both hallmarks of freezing, in a head-...
• In situ cavitation bubble manometry reveals a lack of light- activated guard cell turgor modulation in bryophytes AI翻译
  作者：Brodersen, Craig R.; Brodribb, Tim J.; Hochberg, Uri; Holbrook, N. Michele; Mcadam, Scott A. M.; Zailaa, Joseph; Huggett, Brett A.; Marmottant, Philippe
  作者单位：Yale University; University of Tasmania; VOLCANI INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH; Harvard University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Physics (INP); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：Diversification of plant hydraulic architecture and stomatal function coincides with radical changes in the Earth's atmosphere over the past 400 my. Due to shared stomatal anatomywith the earliest land plants, bryophyte stomatal behavior may provide insights into the evolution of stomatal function, but significant uncertainty remains due to technical limitations of measuring guard cell turgor pressure in situ. Here, we introduce a method for monitoring cell turgor pressure by nucleating microb...