Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Behavioral nudges prevent loan delinquencies at scale: A 13- million- person field experiment (vol 122,e2416708122,2025) AI翻译
  作者：Kuan, Robert; Blagg, Kristin; Castleman, Benjamin L.; Darolia, Rajeev; Matsudaira, Jordan D.; Milkman, Katherine L.; Turner, Lesley J.
• Conformational signatures induced by ubiquitin modification in the amyloid-forming tau repeat domain AI翻译
  作者：Viola, Giovanna; Trivellato, Daniele; Laitaoja, Mikko; Janis, Janne; Felli, Isabella C.; D'Onofrio, Mariapina; Mollica, Luca; Giachin, Gabriele; Assfalg, Michael
  作者单位：University of Verona; University of Eastern Finland; University of Florence; University of Milan; University of Padua
  摘要：Posttranslational modifications can critically affect conformational changes of amyloid-forming proteins. Ubiquitination of the microtubule-associated tau protein, an intrinsically disordered biomolecule, has been proposed to influence the formation of filamentous deposits in neurodegenerative conditions. Given the reported link between aggregation propensity and intrinsic structural preferences (e.g., transient extended structural motifs or tertiary contacts) in disordered proteins, we sought...
• Cotranslational membrane insertion of the voltage-sensitive K plus channel KvAP AI翻译
  作者：Westerfield, Justin M.; Kozojedova, Petra; Juli, Cara; Metola, Ane; von Heijne, Gunnar
  作者单位：Stockholm University; Stockholm University
  摘要：Voltage-sensor domains (VSDs), found in many voltage-sensitive ion channels and enzymes, are composed of four transmembrane helices (TMHs), including the atypical, highly positively charged S4 helix. VSDs are cotranslationally inserted into the membrane, raising the question of how the highly charged S4 helix is integrated into the lipid bilayer as it exits the ribosome. Here, we have used force profile analysis (FPA) to follow the cotranslational insertion of the six-TMH KvAP voltage-sensitiv...
• Supporting Information for Schmidt et al., Archaeological adhesives made from Podocarpus document innovative potential in the African Middle Stone Age (vol 119,e2209592119,2022) AI翻译
  作者：Schmidt, Patrick; Koch, Tabea J.; February, Edmund
• Linear Recursive Feature Machines provably recover low-rank matrices AI翻译
  作者：Radhakrishnan, Adityanarayanan; Belkin, Mikhail; Drusvyatskiy, Dmitriy
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：A fundamental problem in machine learning is to understand how neural networks make accurate predictions, while seemingly bypassing the curse of dimensionality. A possible explanation is that common training algorithms for neural networks implicitly perform dimensionality reduction-a process called feature learning. Recent work [A. Radhakrishnan, D. Beaglehole, P. Pandit, M. Belkin, Science 383, 1461-1467 (2024).] posited that the effects of feature learning can be elicited from a classical st...
• Pulsatile flow induces chromatin interaction with lamin-associated proteins to enrich H3K9 methylation in endothelial cells AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Li- Jing; Li, Julie Yi- Shuan; Nguyen, Phu; Norwich, Gerard; Wang, Yingxiao; Teng, Dayu; Shiu, Yan- Ting; Shyy, John Y. J.; Chien, Shu
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Southern California; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly exposed to hemodynamic forces, which play a crucial role in regulating EC functions. Pulsatile laminar shear stress (PS), representing atheroprotective flow, maintains the anti-inflammation and homeostatic phenotype of ECs, but the comprehensive mechanism underlying the PS-repression of inflammatory genes remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated the role of chromatin organization in mediating the effects of PS on inflammatory gene expressi...
• Reinforcement learning-based adaptive strategies for climate change adaptation: An application for coastal flood risk management AI翻译
  作者：Feng, Kairui; Lin, Ning; Kopp, Robert E.; Xian, Siyuan; Oppenheimer, Michael
  作者单位：Tongji University; Princeton University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Princeton University; Princeton University; Princeton University
  摘要：Conventional computational models of climate adaptation frameworks inadequately consider decision-makers' capacity to learn, update, and improve decisions. Here, we investigate the potential of reinforcement learning (RL), a machine learning technique that efficaciously acquires knowledge from the environment and systematically optimizes dynamic decisions, in modeling and informing adaptive climate decision-making. We consider coastal flood risk mitigations for Manhattan, New York City, USA (N...
• The Mediator subunit OsMED23 associates with the histone demethylase OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A to control grain size and yield in rice AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Luojiang; Fang, Na; Zhang, Limin; Xu, Ran; Zhang, Baolan; Duan, Penggen; Li, Guansong; Luo, Yuehua; Li, Yunhai
  作者单位：Hainan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Inner Mongolia University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Seed size is one of the important yield traits, and size control is also a fundamental developmental question. The knowledge about the genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern seed size is crucial for improving crop yield. Here, we report that the Mediator subunit OsMED23 associates with the histone demethylase OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A to control grain size and weight in rice. Loss of function of OsMED23 or OsJMJ703 causes narrow and light grains, while overexpression ...
• Hardware-optimal quantum algorithms AI翻译
  作者：Muroya, Stefanie; Chatterjee, Krishnendu; Henzinger, Thomas A.
  作者单位：Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
  摘要：Quantum hardware is inherently fragile and noisy. We find that the accuracy of traditional quantum error correction algorithms can be improved depending on the hardware. Given different hardware specifications, we automatically synthesize hardware-optimal algorithms for parity correction, qubit resetting, and GHZ (Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger) state preparation. Using stochastic techniques from computer science, our method presents a computational tool to compute exact accuracy guarantees and s...
• Structural elucidation of how ARF small GTPases induce membrane tubulation for vesicle fission AI翻译
  作者：Pang, Xiaoyun; Zhang, Yan; Park, Kunyou; Liao, Zhenyu; Li, Jian; Xu, Jiashu; Hong, Minh-Triet; Yin, Guoliang; Zhang, Tongming; Wang, Yaoyu; Egelman, Edward H.; Fan, Jun; Hsu, Victor W.; Park, Seung-Yeol; Sun, Fei
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biophysics, CAS; Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; City University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Virginia; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biophysics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine & Health, CAS
  摘要：ADP- Ribosylation Factor (ARF) small GTPases have been found to act in vesicle fission through a direct ability to tubulate membrane. We have pursued cryoelectron microscopy (EM) to reveal at 3.9 & Aring; resolution how ARF6 assembles into a protein lattice on tubulated membrane. Molecular dynamics simulation studies confirm and extend the cryo- EM findings. The ARF6 lattice exhibits features that are distinct from those formed by other membrane- bending proteins. We identify protein contacts ...