Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Global urban greening and its implication for urban heat mitigation AI翻译
  作者：Li, Guangdong; Cao, Yue; Fang, Chuanglin; Sun, Siao; Qi, Wei; Wang, Zhenbo; He, Sanwei; Yang, Zhiqi
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Zhongnan University of Economics & Law; Soochow University - China
  摘要：Urban vegetation provides essential ecosystem services and benefits to support biodiversity and human well- being in urban areas. However, the dynamic trends, driving factors, and their implications to urban heat mitigation at the global scale remain largely unclear. Here, we used a high- resolution enhanced vegetation index (EVI) dataset to examine the vegetation dynamics in 11,235 urban areas worldwide, identify the driving factors behind its changes, and estimate the potential urban heat mi...
• Starch- rich plant foods 780,000 y ago: Evidence from Acheulian percussive stone tools AI翻译
  作者：Ahituv, Hadar; Henry, Amanda G.; Melamed, Yoel; Inbar, Naama Goren-; Bakels, Corrie; Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila; Cabanes, Dan; Stone, Jeffery R.; Rowe, Walter F.; Alperson-Afil, Nira
  作者单位：Bar Ilan University; University of Haifa; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Bar Ilan University; Bar Ilan University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Gottingen; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Indiana State University; George Washington University
  摘要：In contrast to animal foods, wild plants often require long, multistep processing techniques that involve significant cognitive skills and advanced toolkits to perform. These costs are thought to have hindered how hominins used these foods and delayed their adoption into our diets. Through the analysis of starch grains preserved on basalt anvils and percussors, we demonstrate that a wide variety of plants were processed by Middle Pleistocene hominins at the site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov in Isra...
• The chromatin remodeler ADNP regulates neurodevelopmental disorder risk genes and neocortical neurogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Clemot-Dupont, Samuel; Fernandes, Jose Alex Lourenco; Larrigan, Sarah; Sun, Xiaoqi; Medisetti, Suma; Stanley, Rory; El Hankouri, Ziyad; Joshi, Shrilaxmi V.; Picketts, David J.; Shekhar, Karthik; Mattar, Pierre
  作者单位：University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Although chromatin remodelers are among the most important risk genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), the roles of these complexes during brain development are in many cases unclear. Here, we focused on the recently discovered ChAHP chromatin remodeling complex. The zinc finger and homeodomain transcription factor ADNP is a core subunit of this complex, and de novo ADNP mutations lead to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. However, germline Adnp knockout ...
• Cooperation between symbiotic partners through protein trafficking AI翻译
  作者：Ferrarini, Mariana Galvao; Lopes, Melanie Ribeiro; Rebollo, Rita
  作者单位：Institut National des Sciences Appliquees de Lyon - INSA Lyon; INRAE
• Strong adsorption of guanidinium cations to the air-water interface AI翻译
  作者：Bernal, Franky; Dodin, Amro; Kyprianou, Constantine; Limmer, David T.; Saykally, Richard J.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  摘要：Combining Deep-UV second harmonic generation spectroscopy with molecular simulations, we confirm and quantify the specific adsorption of guanidinium cations to the air-water interface. Using a Langmuir analysis of measurements at multiple concentrations, we extract the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, finding it larger than typical thermal energies. Molecular simulations clarify the role of polarizability in tuning the thermodynamics of adsorption, and establish the preferential parallel align...
• Metastable state preceding shear zone instability: Implications for earthquake- accelerated landslides and dynamic triggering AI翻译
  作者：Li, Yan; Hu, Wei; Xu, Qiang; Luo, Hui; Chang, Chingshung; Jia, Xiaoping
  作者单位：Chengdu University of Technology; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite
  摘要：Understanding the dynamic response of granular shear zones under cyclic loading is fundamental to elucidating the mechanisms triggering earthquake- induced landslides, with implications for broader fields such as seismology and granular physics. Existing prediction methods struggle to accurately predict many experimental and in situ landslide observations due to inadequate consideration of the underlying physical mechanisms. The mechanisms that influence landslide dynamic triggering, a transit...
• When neighbors play a role: A systems- level analysis of protein interactions conditioning cancer driver mutation effects AI翻译
  作者：Miranda, Joao A. I.; Vital, Marcia F. S.; Carrolo, Margarida; Quintela, Antonio; Pinto, Francisco R.
  作者单位：BIOISI; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Hospital Santa Maria
  摘要：Cancer is driven by the accumulation of somatic mutations, including driver mutations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. Driver proteins operate within complex interaction networks, and their activity is conditioned by neighbor proteins. Understanding the interplay between driver mutations and the expression of their neighbor proteins can provide insights into cancer biology and potential therapeutic targets. We assessed associations between expression of neighbor proteins and ...
• Duplication of a conserved mitochondrial enzyme gene arms parasitoid wasps with venom cytotoxicity and oogenesis regulation AI翻译
  作者：Song, Jiqiang; Qi, Zihan; He, Chun; Luo, Guilin; Yuan, Bo; Xiao, Shan; Yang, Yi; Wang, Fang; Ye, Gongyin; Fang, Qi; Yan, Zhichao
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Nanjing Agricultural University
  摘要：Gene duplication, followed by neofunctionalization, is a key mechanism driving the emergence of evolutionary novelties. Despite its significance, the molecular and functional processes underlying this phenomenon remain incompletely understood. By tracing the evolutionary history of cysteine-S-conjugate beta-lyase genes within the kynurenine aminotransferase family, we identified a gene duplication event in parasitoid wasps of the Chalcidoidea superfamily. Notably, a single-copy, highly conserv...
• A model for boundary-driven tissue morphogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Alber, Daniel S.; Zhao, Shiheng; Jacinto, Alexandre O.; Wieschaus, Eric F.; Shvartsman, Stanislav Y.; Haas, Pierre A.
  作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Princeton University
  摘要：Tissue deformations during morphogenesis can be active, driven by internal processes, or passive, resulting from stresses applied at their boundaries. Here, we introduce the Drosophila hindgut primordium as a model for studying boundary-driven tissue morphogenesis. We characterize its deformations and show that its complex shape changes can be a passive consequence of the deformations of the active regions of the embryo that surround it. First, we find an intermediate characteristic triangular...
• The power of bridging decision scales: Model coupling for advanced climate policy analysis AI翻译
  作者：Filatova, Tatiana; Akkerman, Joos; Bosello, Francesco; Chatzivasileiadis, Theodoros; Ghorbani, Amineh; Ivanova, Olga; Knittel, Nina; Kwakkel, Jan; Lamperti, Francesco; Magliocca, Nicholas R.; Marangoni, Giacomo; Nabernegg, Stefan; Pichler, Anton; Poujon, Adrian; Safarzynska, Karolina; Taberna, Alessandro
  作者单位：Harvard University; Delft University of Technology; Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC); University of Graz; Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna; University of Warsaw
  摘要：Climate policy faces increasingly complex challenges that span multiple human decision scales in nature-society systems. Contemporary climate policy models, while valuable and increasingly versatile in handling spatial and temporal scales, struggle to capture interacting multiscale decisions on the socioeconomic side. This perspective draws attention to the power of coupling among different modeling families, taking integrated assessment models (IAM), computable general equilibrium models (CGE...