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作者：Carozzi, Felipe; Cipullo, Davide; Repetto, Luca
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Uppsala University
摘要：This paper studies how political fragmentation affects government stability Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that each additional party with representation in the local parliament increases the probability that the incumbent government is unseated by 5 percentage points. The entry of an additional party affects stability by reducing the probability of a single-party majority and increasing the instability of governments when such a majority is not available. We interpret our re...
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作者：Altindag, Onur; Erten, Bilge; Keskin, Pinar
作者单位：Bentley University; Northeastern University; Wellesley College
摘要：Using a strict, age-specific lockdown order for adults aged 65 and older in Turkey, we examine the mental health consequences of an extended period of tight mobility restrictions on senior adults. Adopting a regression discontinuity design, we find that the curfew-induced decline in mobility substantially worsened mental health outcomes, including somatic and nonsomatic symptoms of mental distress (approximately 0.2 standard deviation). Exploring potential channels, we document an increase in ...
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作者：Leive, Adam
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：To lower health care costs, Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) offer tax incentives encouraging people to trade off current consumption against future consumption. This paper tests whether consumers use HSAs as self-insurance over the life cycle. Using administrative data from a large employer and a regression discontinuity design, I estimate the marginal propensity to consume from HSA assets is 0.85 and reject the neoclassical benchmark of 0. Comparisons with 401(k) saving show most employees do ...
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作者：Anderson, D. Mark; Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Rees, Daniel, I
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Using data on 25 major American cities for the period -1900-1940, we explore the effects of -municipal-level public health efforts that were viewed as critical in the fight against foodborne and -waterborne -diseases. In addition to studying interventions such as treating sewage and setting bacteriological standards for milk, which have received little attention, we provide new evidence on the effects of water -filtration and chlorination, extending the work of previous -scholars. Although wat...
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作者：Lusher, Lester; Schnorr, Geoffrey C.; Taylor, Rebecca L. C.
作者单位：University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Sydney
摘要：We provide causal evidence of an ex ante moral hazard effect of unemployment insurance (UI) by matching plausibly exogenous changes in UI benefit duration across state-weeks during the Great Recession to high-frequency productivity measures from individual supermarket cashiers. Estimating models with date and cashier-register fixed effects, we identify a modest but statistically significant negative relationship between UI benefits and worker productivity. This effect is strongest for more exp...
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作者：Anderson, D. Mark; Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Rees, Daniel, I
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：This rejoinder is written in response to the comment by Cutler and Miller (hereafter CM) on our paper, Reexamining the Contribution of Public Health Efforts to the Decline in Urban Mortality (Anderson, Charles, and Rees 2022a). In their comment, CM acknowledge making unambiguous data transcription errors when constructing the infant mortality rates,(1) assess the sensitivity of their filtration estimates to alternative intervention dates, and defend the population denominators they used to con...
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作者：Miller, Conrad; Peck, Jennifer; Seflek, Mehmet
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Swarthmore College
摘要：In settings where social norms promote gender segregation, firms may find it costly to employ both men and women. These integration costs may hinder women's employment. We develop a methodology to test for the presence of fixed integration costs and estimate counterfactual women's employment at all-male firms where these costs bind. We apply our approach in Saudi Arabia and find that integration costs bind for the majority of firms. We show that Nitaqat, a gender-neutral quota program that inc...
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作者：Edin, Per-Anders; Fredriksson, Peter; Nybom, Martin; Ockert, Bjorn
作者单位：Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University
摘要：This paper uses administrative data from Sweden to document trends in the labor market returns to skills. Between 1992 and 2013, the economic return to noncognitive skill-a psychologist-assessed measure of teamwork and leadership skill roughly doubled. The return to cognitive skill was relatively stable and decreased modestly during the 2000s, however. Among men with similar levels of education, the return to noncognitive skill is higher than the return to cognitive skill. The increasing retur...
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作者：Arthi, Vellore; Beach, Brian; Hanlon, W. Walker
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; National Bureau of Economic Research; Vanderbilt University; Northwestern University
摘要：We examine the health effects of the Lancashire Cotton Famine, a sharp downturn in Britain's cotton textile manufacturing regions that was induced by the US Civil War. Migration was an important response to this downturn, but as we document, migration also introduces a number of empirical challenges, which we overcome by introducing a new methodological approach. Our results indicate that the recession increased mortality among households employed in the cotton textile industry. We also docume...
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作者：Bleemer, Zachary; Mehta, Aashish
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：We investigate the wage return to studying economics by leveraging a policy that prevented students with low introductory grades from declaring a major. Students who barely met the grade point average threshold to major in economics earned $22,000 (46 percent) higher annual early-career wages than they would have with their second-choice majors. Access to the economics major shifts students' preferences toward business/finance careers, and about half of the wage return is explained by economic...
