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作者：Carozzi, Felipe; Cipullo, Davide; Repetto, Luca
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Uppsala University
摘要：This paper studies how political fragmentation affects government stability Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that each additional party with representation in the local parliament increases the probability that the incumbent government is unseated by 5 percentage points. The entry of an additional party affects stability by reducing the probability of a single-party majority and increasing the instability of governments when such a majority is not available. We interpret our re...
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作者：Dehdari, Sirus H.; Gehring, Kai
作者单位：Uppsala University; University of Zurich
摘要：We study how more negative historical exposure to the actions of nation-states-like war, occupation, and repression-affects the formation of regional identity. The quasi-exogenous division of the French regions Alsace and Lorraine allows us to implement a geo-graphical regression discontinuity design at the municipal level. Using measures of stated and revealed preferences, we find that more negative experiences with nation-states are associated with a stronger regional identity in the short, ...
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作者：Wong, Woan Foong
作者单位：University of Oregon
摘要：Container ships travel between a fixed set of origins and destinations in round trips, inducing a negative correlation in their freight rates. I study the implications of this round trip effect on international trade and trade policy. I identify this effect and develop an instrument using it to estimate the impact of transport costs on trade. I simulate counterfactual import tariff increases in a quantitative model and quantify the importance of endogenizing transport costs with respect to thi...
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作者：Acciari, Paolo; Polo, Alberto; Violante, Giovanni L.
作者单位：Bank of England; Princeton University
摘要：We estimate intergenerational income mobility in Italy using administrative data from tax returns. Our estimates of mobility are higher than prior work using survey data and indirect methods. The rankrank slope of parent-child income is 0.22, compared to 0.18 in Denmark and 0.34 in the United States. The probability that a child reaches the top quintile of the national income distribution starting from a family in the bottom quintile is 0.11. We uncover substantial geographical variation: upwa...
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作者：Casaburi, Lorenzo; Reed, Tristan
作者单位：University of Zurich; The World Bank
摘要：Interference across competing firms in RCTs can be informative about market structure. An experiment that subsidizes a random subthis idea. Interpreting treatment-control differences in prices and quantities purchased from farmers through a model of Cournot competition reveals differentiation between traders is low. Combining this result with quasi-experimental variation in world prices shows that the number of traders competing is 50 percent higher than the number operating in a village. Own-...
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作者：Iizuka, Toshiaki; Shigeoka, Hitoshi
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
摘要：Do consumers react differently to zero prices? We test the presence of a zero-price effect in child health care and find that a zero price is special as it boosts demand discontinuously. A zero price affects resource allocations by encouraging healthier children to use more services and exacerbates behavioral hazard by increasing inappropri-ate use of antibiotics. A co-payment, of as small as US$2 per visit, alle-viates these problems without substantially increasing financial risk. However, a...
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作者：Artmann, Elisabeth; Oosterbeek, Hessel; van der Klaauw, Bas
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：To assess the importance of unequal access to medical expertise and services, we estimate the causal effects of having a child who is a doctor on parents' mortality and health care use. We use data from parents of almost 22,000 participants in admission lotteries to medical school in the Netherlands. Our findings indicate that informal access to medical expertise and services is not an important cause of differences in health care use and mortality.
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作者：Bailey, Michael; Johnston, Drew; Kuchler, Theresa; Stroebel, Johannes; Wong, Arlene
作者单位：Facebook Inc; Harvard University; New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Princeton University
摘要：We use de-identified data from Facebook to study the nature of peer effects in the market for cell phones. To identify peer effects, we exploit variation in friends' new phone acquisitions resulting from random phone losses. A new phone purchase by a friend has a large and persistent effect on an individual's own demand for phones of the same brand. While peer effects increase the overall demand for phones, a friend's purchase of a particular phone brand can reduce an individual's own demand f...
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作者：Altindag, Onur; Erten, Bilge; Keskin, Pinar
作者单位：Bentley University; Northeastern University; Wellesley College
摘要：Using a strict, age-specific lockdown order for adults aged 65 and older in Turkey, we examine the mental health consequences of an extended period of tight mobility restrictions on senior adults. Adopting a regression discontinuity design, we find that the curfew-induced decline in mobility substantially worsened mental health outcomes, including somatic and nonsomatic symptoms of mental distress (approximately 0.2 standard deviation). Exploring potential channels, we document an increase in ...
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作者：Leive, Adam
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：To lower health care costs, Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) offer tax incentives encouraging people to trade off current consumption against future consumption. This paper tests whether consumers use HSAs as self-insurance over the life cycle. Using administrative data from a large employer and a regression discontinuity design, I estimate the marginal propensity to consume from HSA assets is 0.85 and reject the neoclassical benchmark of 0. Comparisons with 401(k) saving show most employees do ...
