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作者：Cutler, David M.; Miller, Grant
作者单位：Harvard University; Stanford University
摘要：We address points raised by Anderson, Charles, and Rees (2022b), which comments on our prior work. After correcting unambiguous data mistakes, our revised estimates suggest that municipal water disinfection (filtration) explains 38 percent of the total mortality rate decline in our sample cities and years-a result not very different from our original estimate of 43 percent. However, effects on infant mortality rates are smaller than in our original analysis. Much of the difference between thei...
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作者：Gross, Max; Baron, E. Jason
作者单位：Mathematica; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Six percent of children in the United States enter foster care by age 18. We estimate the effects of foster care on children's outcomes by exploiting the quasi-random assignment of child welfare investigators in Michigan. We find that foster care improved children's safety and educational outcomes. Gains emerged after children exited the foster system when most were reunified with their birth parents, suggesting that improvements made by their parents were an important mechanism. These results...
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作者：Wheeler, Laurel; Garlick, Robert; Johnson, Eric; Shaw, Patrick; Gargano, Marissa
作者单位：University of Alberta; Duke University; Research Triangle Institute
摘要：Online professional networking platforms are widely used and may help workers to search for and obtain jobs. We run the first randomized evaluation of training work seekers to join and use one of the largest platforms, Linkedln. Raining increases the end-of-program employment rate by 10 percent (7 percentage points), and this effect persists for at least 12 months. The available employment, platform use, and job search data suggest that employment effects are explained by work seekers using th...
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作者：Severen, Christopher; Van Benthem, Arthur A.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Formative experiences shape behavior for decades. We document a striking feature about those who came of driving age during the oil crises of the 1970s-they drive less in the year 2000. The effect is not specific to these cohorts; price variation over time and across states indicates that gasoline price changes between ages 15-18 generally shift later-life travel behavior. Effects are not explained by recessions, income, or costly skill acquisition and are inconsistent with recency bias, menta...
