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作者：Timm, Lisa Marie; Giuliodori, Massimo; Muller, Paul
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We examine how income taxes affect international mobility and wages. We study a Dutch preferential tax scheme for migrants, which introduced an income threshold for eligibility in 2012. The threshold is low relative to similar schemes in other countries, thereby offering eligibility to migrants with mid-level earnings. We find migration more than doubles closely above the income threshold, while migration below the threshold remains unchanged. These effects appear to be driven by additional mi...
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作者：Harju, Jarkko; Jager, Simon; Schoefer, Benjamin
作者单位：Tampere University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We estimate the effects of worker voice on productivity, job quality, and separations. We study the 1991 introduction of a right to worker representation on boards or advisory councils in Finnish firms with at least 150 employees, designed to facilitate workforce-management communication. Consistent with information-sharing theories, our difference-in-differences design reveals that worker voice raised labor productivity. In contrast to exit-voice theory, we find no effects on voluntary job se...
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作者：Jaevervall, Sebastian; Khoban, Roza
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); University of Zurich
摘要：Political distortions are prevalent in many developing countries, implying substantial productivity losses. This paper investigates the impact of trade liberalization on political distortions in India. First, using variation in political turnover, we identify that politicians distort resources in favor of politically connected firms. Second, we show that reduced tariffs on input goods significantly decrease the distortionary effect of political connections, as trade reduces firms' dependence o...
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作者：Johnston, Andrew C.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：I examine teacher preferences using a discrete-choice experiment linked to data on teacher effectiveness. I estimate willingness to pay for a rich set of compensation elements and working conditions. Highly effective teachers usually have the same preferences as their peers, but they have stronger preferences for performance pay. I use the preference estimates to investigate the optimal compensation structure for three key objectives: maximizing teacher utility, maximizing teacher retention, a...
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作者：Mattsson, Martin
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：Slow public service delivery and corruption are common problems in low-and middle-income countries. Can better management information systems improve delivery speed? Does improving the delivery speed reduce corruption? In a large-scale experiment with the Bangladesh Civil Service, I send monthly scorecards measuring delays in service delivery to government officials and their supervisors. The scorecards increase on-time service delivery by 11 percent but do not reduce bribes. Instead, the scor...
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作者：Jensen, Mathias Fjaellegaard; Manning, Alan
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：In Europe, the children of migrants often have worse economic outcomes than those with local-born parents. This paper shows that children born in Denmark with immigrant parents (first-generation locals) have lower earnings, higher unemployment, less education, more welfare transfers, and more criminal convictions than children with local-born parents. However, when we condition on parental socioeconomic characteristics, first-generation locals generally perform as well or slightly better than ...
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作者：Beath, Andrew; Christia, Fotini; Enikolopov, Ruben
作者单位：The World Bank; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); ICREA; Barcelona School of Economics; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：We exploit a randomized controlled trial conducted between 2007 and 2011 to identify the effect of Afghanistan's largest local governance and development program on the strength of the insurgency. We find that the program reduced violence, improved economic outcomes, and increased government support in interior regions of the country, but increased violence in villages close to the Pakistani border, where foreign insurgents were more numerous. The results suggest that development programs can ...
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作者：Berry, James; Dizon-Ross, Rebecca; Jagnani, Maulik
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Chicago; Tufts University; Tufts University
摘要：We conduct two experiments to identify the value parents place on equality of opportunity when investing in children. The experiments exogenously vary short-run returns to educational investments to identify the weight placed on equalizing opportunity (child-level investment) relative to maximizing returns (total household earnings) or to equalizing outcomes (child-level expected earnings). While parents in both experiments place some weight on maximizing returns, they also display a strong pr...
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作者：Agan, Amanda Y.; Cowgill, Bo; Gee, Laura K.
作者单位：Cornell University; Columbia University; Tufts University
摘要：We study how salary disclosures affect employer demand using afield experiment featuring hundreds of recruiters evaluating over 2,000 job applications. We randomize the presence of salary questions and the candidates'disclosures for male and female applicants. Our findings suggest that extra dollars disclosed yield higher salary offers, willingness to pay, and perceptions of outside options by recruiters (all similarly for men and women). Recruiters make negative inferences about the quality a...
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作者：Cohen, Jonathan; Johnston, Andrew C.; Lindner, Attila
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Merced; University of London; University College London
摘要：We examine the depreciation of skills among unemployed German workers using a panel of skill measures linked to administrative data. Both the reemployment hazard and reemployment earnings steadily decline with unemployment duration. Indicators of depression and loneliness also rise substantially. However, we find no decline in a wide range of cognitive and noncognitive skills while workers remain unemployed. We find the same pattern in a panel of American workers. The results imply that skill ...
