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作者：Fehr, Dietmar; Mollerstrom, Johanna; Perez-Truglia, Ricardo
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; George Mason University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Although there is abundant evidence on individual preferences for policies that reduce national inequality, there is very little evidence on preferences for policies addressing global inequality. To investigate the latter, we conducted a two-year, face-to-face survey experiment on a representative sample of Germans. We measure how individuals form perceptions of their ranks in the national and global income distributions and how these perceptions relate to their national and global policy pref...
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作者：Heffetz, Ori; O'donoghue, Ted; Schneider, Henry S.
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Cornell University; Cornell University; Queens University - Canada
摘要：We investigate heterogeneity in responsiveness to reminder letters among New York City parking ticket recipients. Using variation in the timing of letters, we find a strong aggregate response. But we find large differences across individuals: those with a low base-line propensity to respond to tickets-a natural nudge target-react least to letters. These low-response types, who incur significant late penalties, disproportionately come from already disadvan-taged groups. They do react strongly t...
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作者：Su, Yichen
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas
摘要：In recent decades, gentrification has transformed American central city neighborhoods. I estimate a spatial equilibrium model to show that the rising value of high-skilled workers' time contributes to the gentrification of American central cities. I show that the increasing value of time raises the cost of commuting and exogenously increases the demand for central locations by high-skilled workers. While change in the value of time has a modest direct effect on gentrification of central cities...
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作者：Sytsma, Tobias
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：In countries where there exist limited opportunities to source inputs locally, rules of origin undermine access to preferential trade agreements for final goods exporters. I analyze the 2011 revision to the rules of origin associated with the European Union's Generalized System of Preferences, which allowed apparel producers in least developed countries to use internationally sourced textiles in exported products. Using transaction-level data on Bangladeshi apparel firms, I find that the rules...
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作者：Ni, Shawn; Podgursky, Michael; Wang, Fangda
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：In a widely cited study, Fitzpatrick (2015) found that more than one quarter of Illinois teachers were unwilling to pay 19 cents for pension enhancements worth one dollar in present value. We revisit this finding by tracking the same cohort of teachers to retirement, permitting exact measurement of service years and the annuity received. The vast majority of teachers purchased the upgrade. Among those who did not, the net benefit of the upgrade is negative given their retirement timing. The co...
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作者：Butschek, Sebastian
作者单位：University of Innsbruck
摘要：Many scholars have studied the employment effects of minimum wages, but little is known about effects on the composition of hires. I investigate whether Germany's minimum wage introduction raised hiring standards, using worker fixed effects as a proxy for worker productivity. For the least productive workers hired, the minimum wage led to a 4 percentile point shift in the productivity distribution. This increase is missed using standard observable measures of worker productivity. The effects a...
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作者：MUMMA, K. I. R. S. T. E. N. S. L. U. N. G. A. A. R. D.
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：The rapid expansion of charter schools has fueled concerns about their impact on traditional public schools. I estimate the effect of charter openings on traditional public schools in Massachusetts and North Carolina by comparing schools near actual charter sites to those near proposed sites that were never occupied. I find charter openings reduced public school enrollment by around 5 percent and reduced White enrollment in North Carolina. I find no impact on student achievement, and my 95 per...
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作者：Koster, Hans R. A.; Pinchbeck, Edward W.
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; University of Birmingham
摘要：Despite the near ubiquity of intertemporal choice, there is little consensus on the rate at which individuals trade present and future costs and benefits. We contribute to this debate by estimating discount rates from extensive data on housing transactions and spatiotemporal variation in property taxes in England. Our findings imply long-term average net of growth nominal discount rates that are between 3 and 4 percent. The close correspondence to prevailing market interest rates gives little ...
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作者：Allcott, Hunt; Rafkin, Charlie
作者单位：Microsoft; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We model optimal e-cigarette regulation and estimate key param-eters. Using tax changes and scanner data, we estimate relatively elastic demand. A demographic shift-share identification strategy suggests limited substitution between e-cigarettes and cigarettes. We field a new survey of public health experts who report that vap-ing is more harmful than previously believed. In our model's aver-age Monte Carlo simulation, these results imply optimal e-cigarette taxes are higher than recent norms....
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作者：Canaan, Serena; Deeb, Antoine; Mouganie, Pierre
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：This paper provides the first causal evidence on the impact of college adviser quality on student outcomes. To do so, we exploit a unique setting where students are randomly assigned to faculty advisers during their first year of college. We find that higher adviser value added (VA) substantially improves freshman year GPA, time to com-plete freshman year and four-year graduation rates. Additionally, higher adviser VA increases high-ability students' likelihood of enrolling and graduating with...
