-
作者：Bond, Timothy N.; Carr, Jillian B.; Packham, Analisa; Smith, Jonathan
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Monthly government transfer programs create cycles of consump-tion that track the timing of benefit receipt. If these cycles corre-spond to critical moments for student learning and achievement, the timing of transfers may have important long-run implications for low-income students. In this paper we exploit state-level variation in the staggered timing of nutritional assistance benefit issuance to analyze effects on academic achievement. Using individual-level data from a large national colle...
-
作者：Agha, Leila; Zeltzer, Dan
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tel Aviv University
摘要：Pharmaceutical companies market to physicians through individual detailing accompanied by monetary or in-kind transfers. Large compensation payments to a small number of physicians account for most of this promotional spending. Studying US promotional payments and prescriptions for anticoagulant drugs, we investigate how peer influence broadens the payments'reach. Following a compensation payment, prescriptions for the marketed drug increase from both the paid physician and the paid physician'...
-
作者：Douenne, Thomas; Fabre, Adrien
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of Amsterdam; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：Using a representative survey, we find that after the Yellow Vests movement, French people would largely reject a tax and dividend policy, i.e., a carbon tax whose revenues are redistributed uniformly to each adult. They overestimate their net monetary losses, wrongly think that the policy is regressive, and do not perceive it as environmentally effective. We show that changing people's beliefs can substantially increase support. Although significant, the effects of our informational treatment...
-
作者：Wagner, Katherine R. H.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This paper quantifies frictions in uptake, tests for adverse selection, and analyzes welfare effects of proposed reforms in natural disaster insurance markets. I find that willingness to pay is remarkably low. In high-risk flood zones, fewer than 60 percent of homeowners purchase flood insurance even though premiums are only two-thirds of own costs. Estimating flood insurance demand and cost elasticities using house-level variation in premiums from recent US congressional reforms reveals that ...
-
作者：Bernstein, Asaf; Struyven, Daan
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper employs Dutch administrative population data to test the housing lock hypothesis: the conjecture that homeowners with negative home equity, low levels of financial assets, and restricted opportunities to borrow reduce their mobility. Variation in home equity driven by the timing of home purchase within a municipality and the harshness of Dutch recourse laws facilitates identification of housing lock effects. The 2SLS estimate for the effect of negative home equity is a 74-79 percent...
-
作者：Okunogbe, Oyebola; Pouliquen, Victor
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Oxford
摘要：Many e-government initiatives introduce technology to improve efficiency and avoid potential human bias. Using experimental variation, we examine the impact of electronic tax filing (to replace in-person submission to tax officials) using data from Tajikistan firms. E-filing reduces the time firms spend on taxes by 40 percent. Further, among firms previously more likely to evade, e-filing doubles taxes paid. Conversely, evidence suggests that e-filing reduces tax payments among firms previousl...
-
作者：Sabouni, Hisam; Shelton, Cameron A.
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Claremont Graduate University; Claremont Colleges; Claremont McKenna College; Claremont Graduate University
摘要：Theories of partisan redistricting postulate unitary actors maximiz-ing their party's expected seat share. Yet, the partition of a fixed sup-ply of friendly voters necessarily implies a tragedy of the commons. We recast partisan redistricting as a bargaining game among the sitting representatives of the party controlling the map. The status quo is the threat point, explaining why changes are frequently minor. This bargaining framework implies that highly competitive districts will receive more...
-
作者：GALASSO, A. L. B. E. R. T. O.; LUO, H. O. N. G.
作者单位：University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Liability laws designed to compensate for harms caused by defective products may also affect innovation. We examine this issue by exploiting a major quasi-exogenous increase in liability risk faced by US suppliers of polymers used to manufacture medical implants. Difference-in-difference analyses show that this surge in suppliers' liability risk had a large and negative impact on downstream innovation in medical implants, but it had no significant effect on upstream polymer patenting. Our find...
-
作者：Monarrez, Tomas; Kisida, Brian; Chingos, Matthew
作者单位：Urban Institute; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：We examine the impact of the expansion of charter schools on racial segregation in public schools, defined using multiple measures of racial sorting and isolation. Our research design utilizes between-grade differences in charter expansion within school systems and an instrumental variables approach leveraging charter school openings. Charter schools modestly increase school segregation for Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White students. On average, charters have caused a 6 percent decrease in the...
-
作者：Mello, Ursula
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut d'Analisi Economica (IAE)
摘要：I analyze how two reforms, introduced to expand college access in Brazil, impacted enrollments of low-SES students. The first policy centralized applications in a nationwide platform (SISU), and the second expanded affirmative action quotas (AA) to a uniform share of 50 percent of vacancies offered by degree. Results show that SISU changes enrollment decisions of high-SES students, crowding out low-SES groups from the least competitive degrees disproportionately. In contrast, AA increases enro...
