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作者：Casajus, Andre; Funaki, Yukihiko; Huettner, Frank
作者单位：HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management; Waseda University; Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)
摘要：The Shapley value equals a player's contribution to the potential of a game. The potential is a most natural one-number summary of a game, which can be computed as the expected accumulated worth of a random partition of the players. This computation integrates the coalition formation of all players and readily extends to games with externalities. We investigate those potential functions for games with externalities that can be computed this way. It turns out that the potential that corresponds...
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作者：Henkel, Luca
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Observed individual behavior in the presence of ambiguity shows insufficient responsiveness to changes in subjective likelihoods. Despite being integral to theoretical models and relevant in many domains, evidence on the causes and determining factors of such likelihood insensitive behavior is scarce. This paper investigates the role of beliefs in the form of ambiguity perception - the extent to which a decision -maker has difficulties assigning a single probability to each possible event - as...
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作者：Gayer, Gabrielle; Lehrer, Ehud; Persitz, Dotan
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; Durham University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：An administrator is provided with data collected by several practitioners. These data may include inconclusive observations. The administrator is required to form a frequency distribution on the states of nature that would be approved by external auditors as long as it is compatible with the available information. We state a novel result on the compatibility of a probability with a finite set of capacities. We use this result to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the compatibility...
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作者：Bhattacharya, Puja; Rampal, Jeevant
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
摘要：We examine behavior in a two -stage group contest where intra-group contests are followed by an inter -group contest. Rewards accrue to the winning group, with winners of the intra-group contest within that group receiving a greater reward. The model generates a discouragement effect, where losers from the first stage exert less effort in the second stage than winners. In contrast to the related literature, we show that a prior win may be disadvantageous, generating lower profits for first sta...
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作者：Ewerhart, Christian; Sun, Guang-Zhen
作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Macau
摘要：While the game-theoretic analysis of conflict is often based on the assumption of multiplicative noise, additive noise such as considered by Hirshleifer (1989) may be equally plausible depending on the application. In this paper, we examine the equilibrium set of the n-player difference-form contest with heterogeneous valuations. For high and intermediate levels of noise, the equilibrium is in pure strategies, with at most one player being active. For small levels of noise, however, we find a ...
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作者：Borissov, Kirill; Pakhnin, Mikhail; Wendner, Ronald
作者单位：European University at Saint Petersburg; Universitat de les Illes Balears; University of Graz
摘要：We address time-inconsistent decision making by studying two types of intrapersonal cooperation in the Ramsey model with quasi-hyperbolic discounting. First, we consider temporal selves following the Golden Rule principle (do unto others as you would have them do unto you ). Second, we consider temporal selves following Kant's categorical imperative ( act as you would want all others to act towards all others). We introduce the corresponding cooperative policies and characterize them for econo...
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作者：Cabrales, Antonio; Hauk, Esther
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Autonomous University of Barcelona
摘要：In this paper, we model the interaction between leaders, their followers and crowd followers in a coordination game with local interaction. The steady states of a dynamic best-response process can feature a coexistence of Pareto-dominant and risk-dominant actions in the population. The existence of leaders and their followers, along with the local interaction, which leads to clustering, is crucial for the survival of the Pareto-dominant actions. The evolution of leader and crowd followership s...
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作者：Stoetzer, Lasse S.; Zimmermann, Florian
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Bonn
摘要：In this note, we provide evidence that motivated reasoning can be a source of discriminatory beliefs. We employ a representative survey experiment in which we exogenously manipulate the presence of a need for justification of anti-social behavior towards an out-group. We find that survey participants devalue members of an out-group to justify taking away money from that group. Our results speak to a long-standing debate on the causes of racism and discrimination and suggest an important role o...
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作者：Bonifacio, A. G.; Inarra, E.; Neme, P.
作者单位：Universidad Nacional de San Luis; University of Basque Country; University of Basque Country
摘要：Given a standard myopic process in a coalition formation game, an absorbing set is a minimal collection of coalition structures that is never left once entered through this process. Absorbing sets are an important solution concept in coalition formation games, but they have drawbacks: they can be large and hard to obtain. In this paper, we characterize an absorbing set in terms of a collection consisting of a small number of sets of coalitions that we refer to as a reduced form of a game. We a...
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作者：Oosterwijk, Tim; Schmand, Daniel; Schroder, Marc
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of Bremen; Maastricht University
摘要：Flows over time are a natural way to incorporate flow dynamics that arise in various applications such as traffic networks. In this paper we introduce a natural variant of the deterministic fluid queuing model in which users aim to minimize their costs subject to arrival at their destination before a pre-specified deadline. We determine the existence and the structure of Nash flows over time and fully characterize the price of anarchy for this model. The price of anarchy measures the ratio of ...
