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作者：Fernando, A. Nilesh
作者单位：University of Notre Dame
摘要：Do digital agricultural services 'disrupt' in-person peer interactions that generate and spread local knowledge? To investigate, I randomize access to a mobile phone-based agricultural extension service and find that while it reduces reliance on peer agricultural advice, it does not crowd-out peer interactions. Instead, treated farmers are more likely to recommend inputs to their peers, who, in turn, prioritize interacting with them. Consequently, exposure to the treatment, directly or via pee...
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作者：Aberra, Adam; Chemin, Matthieu
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; Universite de Montreal
摘要：The legal system enforces contracts and secures property rights, thereby increasing the incentives to exert effort, invest, access credit, and grow. Yet, the high costs of access to the legal system may prevent these gains from taking place. This paper presents the results of a randomized intervention offering the services of a free lawyer for 2 years in a rural setting with prohibitive lawyer fees and numerous land disputes. Not all cases were fully resolved after 2 years, but legal represent...
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作者：Hennig, Jakob
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Does refugee immigration affect the quality of neighborhood amenities, and are these changes driving the oppo-sition to immigration? In this paper, I use real estate listings and online reviews of local amenities to demonstrate neighborhood change due to the establishment of a refugee shelter. The setting is Berlin during the refugee immi-gration episode of 2015. I show that shelter locations did not differ from control locations in terms of neighbor-hood quality or political outcomes before 2...
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作者：Hoffmann, Vivian; Rao, Vijayendra; Surendra, Vaishnavi; Datta, Upamanyu
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Provision of low-cost credit to the poor through self-help groups (SHGs) has been embraced as a key poverty reduction strategy in developing countries, but evidence on the impact of this approach is thin. Using a randomized program rollout over 180 panchayats, we evaluate the impact of a government-led SHG initiative in the Indian state of Bihar. Two years after the start of the program, we find a dramatic increase in SHG membership, borrowing from SHGs, and a corresponding decline in the use ...
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作者：Michelson, Hope; Fairbairn, Anna; Ellison, Brenna; Maertens, Annemie; Manyong, Victor
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Sussex
摘要：Fertilizer use remains below recommended rates in most of Sub-Saharan Africa, contributing to low crop yields and poverty. We explore the role of fertilizer quality. We interviewed fertilizer sellers in an important agricultural region in Tanzania and sampled their fertilizer to establish that the nutrient content of fertilizers is good, meeting industry standards. However, we find farmers' beliefs to be inconsistent with this reality. Beliefs about adulteration push down farmer willingness-to...
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作者：Chen, Shaohua; Ravallion, Martin
作者单位：Xiamen University; Xiamen University; Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The prevailing narrative of a huge reduction in income poverty in China since reforms began in 1978 does not accord with all the evidence. The paper tries to reconcile the conflicting findings. The rise in poverty counts indicated by the strongly-relative measures in the literature is not credible given the properties of these measures. More surprising, and revealing, is the story told by the official lines, which were revised twice since the original 1985 line. The paper shows that the offici...
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作者：Fang, Lei; Herrendorf, Berthold
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：We document that the employment share of high-skill-intensive services is much lower in China than in countries with similar GDP per capita. We build a model of structural change with goods and low- and high-skill-intensive services to account for this observation. We find that large distortions limit the size of high-skill-intensive services in China. If they were removed, both high-skill-intensive services and GDP per capita would increase considerably. We document a strong presence of state...
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作者：Hiller, Victor; Toure, Nouhoum
作者单位：Universite Paris-Pantheon-Assas
摘要：A large body of evidence suggests that women's empowerment, both within the household and in politics, benefits to children and has the potential to promote economic development. Nevertheless, the existing interactions between these two facets of empowerment have not been considered thus far. The aim of the present paper is to fill this gap by proposing a theoretical framework in which women's bargaining power within both the private sphere and the public sphere is endogenous. We show that the...
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作者：Wright, Nicholas A.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida Gulf Coast University
摘要：Designing an effective framework for financing higher education is a key objective of policymakers in developed and developing countries. While we have a good understanding of how college financing options affect students? college outcomes in developed countries, less is known about the impact of these programs in developing coun-tries. In this paper, I employ several quasi-experimental designs and novel administrative data from Jamaica to estimate the effect of need-based grants and student l...
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作者：Gonzalez, Felipe; Munoz, Pablo; Prem, Mounu
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Universidad del Rosario
摘要：We look at Chile's transition to democracy in 1990 to study the persistence of authoritarian politics at the local level. Using new data on the universe of mayors appointed by the Pinochet dictatorship (1973-1990) and leveraging on the arbitrary election rules that characterized the first local election in 1992, we present two main findings. First, dictatorship mayors obtained a vote premium that is larger among the last wave of incumbents and appears partially explained by an increase in loca...
