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作者：Cassidy, Rachel; Bruinderink, Marije Groot; Janssens, Wendy; Morsink, Karlijn
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Utrecht University; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Women may face systematically greater benefits than men from adopting certain technologies, for example some health-improving technologies. Yet women often hold lower bargaining power, such that men's preferences may constrain household adoption in households containing men. Introducing a version of the technology that is less effective, but has lower perceived costs or higher perceived benefits to men, may increase adoption and household welfare compared to no adoption at all. This paper cont...
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作者：Kumar, Tanu
作者单位：William & Mary
摘要：This paper measures the effects of a subsidized housing lottery in Mumbai, India wherein winners can choose to either live in or rent out the homes. After 3-5 years, winners experience better housing quality, greater reported income, and different attitudes when compared to non-winners. They also have higher education and employment rates, with effects concentrated among youth. This occurs even though winners live in neighborhoods with worse schools and lower employment rates than non-winners ...
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作者：Jaume, David; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Teacher industrial action is a leading cause of temporary school closures around the globe. These events leave millions of families struggling with disrupted childcare arrangements and may have important consequences for the labor market outcomes of parents. This paper presents the first detailed analysis on the topic, exploiting recently digitalized data on teacher strikes in Argentina in a dose-response triple difference framework. Mothers respond to teacher strikes by dropping out of the la...
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作者：Jaume, David
作者单位：Bank of Mexico
摘要：This paper studies the labor market effects of an educational expansion on the occupational structure of employment and the wage distribution in Brazil. I document that, along with a large educational expansion between 1995 and 2014, the occupational structure of employment remained surprisingly fixed, with workers of all educational groups increasingly employed in lower wage occupations. Despite this common occupational downgrading, wages of primary educated workers soared while wages of work...
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作者：Chen, Shuai; Gong, Binlei
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：This article aims to identify the mechanism of how climate change affects agriculture through various channels and the mechanism of longer-run adaptation. Using a county-panel dataset spanning the past 35 years, we evaluate the impact of global warming on agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) as well as the impacts on agricultural inputs and outputs in China. Results show that, in the short run, extreme heat has negative effects on China's agricultural TFP and input utilization, which r...
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作者：Wei, Shang-Jin; Wei, Ziru; Xu, Jianhuan
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Tsinghua University; Singapore Management University
摘要：An influential hypothesis states that export pioneers are too few relative to social optimum because the first exporter's action creates an informational public good for all subsequent exporters. The hypothesis has been invoked to justify certain types of government interventions. We note, however, that such market failure requires two inequalities to hold simultaneously: the discovery cost is neither too low nor too high. Neither has to hold in the data. We propose a structural estimation fra...
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作者：Rozo, Sandra V.; Vargas, Juan F.
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario
摘要：We study the electoral effects of the arrival of 1.3 million Venezuelan refugees in Colombia as a consequence of the Venezuelan humanitarian crisis. We exploit the fact that forced migrants disproportionately locate in places with earlier settlements of Venezuelans after the intensification of the crisis. We find that larger migration shocks increase voter?s turnout and shift votes from left-to right-wing political ideologies. These effects are predominantly driven by voter?s concerns on the e...
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作者：Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Fenske, James; Khanna, Gaurav; Nyshadham, Anant
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Warwick; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Evidence suggests that natural resources have driven conflict and underdevelopment in modern Africa. We show that this relationship exists primarily when neighboring regions are resource-rich. When neighbors are resource-poor, own resources instead drive economic growth. To motivate the empirical study of this set of facts, we present a simple model of parties engaged in potential conflict over resources, revealing that economic prosperity is a function of equilibrium conflict prevalence, dete...
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作者：Arraiz, Irani; Bruhn, Miriam; Roth, Benjamin N.; Ruiz-Ortega, Claudia; Stucchi, Rodolfo
作者单位：The World Bank; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Harvard University; Universidad de San Andres Argentina
摘要：We provide evidence that commercial lenders in Peru suffer leakages in their loan approval process. Leveraging a discontinuity in the loan approval process of a large bank, we find that receiving a loan approval from the bank causes loan applicants to receive offers from other financial institutions as well. Competing lenders captured almost three quarters of the new loans to previously financially excluded borrowers. Importantly, many of these borrowers never took a loan from our partner bank...
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作者：Bertoli, Simone; Ozden, Caglar; Packard, Michael
作者单位：Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); The World Bank; Georgetown University
摘要：We use mobile phone usage data to measure the extent of segregation of Syrian refugees in Turkey, and analyze its role in their internal mobility patterns. We construct a range of dissimilarity and normalized isolation indices using the hourly phone call volume of refugees and natives. The richness of the data allows us to compute the indices across different provinces and over time. Segregation levels show high variation across the country, with significantly lower levels of segregation in pr...
