2021

最新文章

• Religion and abortion: The role of politician identity AI翻译
  作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Clots-Figueras, Irma; Iyer, Lakshmi
  作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Kent; University of Notre Dame
  摘要：Debates around abortion typically invoke religion and politics but there is no causal evidence of the impact of politician religion on abortion. Leveraging quasi-random variation in politician religion generated by close elections in India and controlling for the party affiliation of politicians, we find lower rates of sex-selective abortion in districts won by Muslim state legislators, consistent with a higher reported aversion to abortion among Muslims compared to Hindus. The competing hypot...
• Can youth empowerment programs reduce violence against girls during the COVID-19 pandemic? AI翻译
  作者：Gulesci, Selim; Puente-Beccar, Manuela; Ubfal, Diego
  作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Bocconi University; The World Bank
  摘要：This paper shows that a youth empowerment program in Bolivia reduced the reported prevalence of violence against girls during the COVID-19 lockdown. The program offered training in soft skills and technical skills, sexual education, mentoring and job-finding assistance. To measure the effects of the program, the study conducted a randomized control trial with 600 vulnerable adolescents. Results indicate that 7 months after its completion, the program increased girls' earnings and decreased vio...
• Marriage outcomes of displaced women AI翻译
  作者：Lu, Frances; Siddiqui, Sameem; Bharadwaj, Prashant
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：To learn more about the long-term consequences of displacement on women, we examine the marriage market outcomes of forcibly displaced women. Using data from 12 representative surveys in 7 countries, we document that women who are adolescents at the time of displacement are more likely to be married. This pattern is robust to choice of comparison group and across countries. We do not find this pattern for displaced adolescent men. We provide additional evidence on this relationship by using un...
• Greening through finance? AI翻译
  作者：Fan, Haichao; Peng, Yuchao; Wang, Huanhuan; Xu, Zhiwei
  作者单位：Fudan University; Central University of Finance & Economics; Central University of Finance & Economics; East China Normal University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; East China Normal University
  摘要：This paper investigates how green credit regulation affects firms' loan conditions and their economic and environmental performance. In a simple theoretical model, with strengthened green credit regulations, banks raise loan interest rates to nonabatement firms. Firms that were formerly indifferent to pollution abatement must redetermine their abatement and production strategies. Using disaggregated firm-level data, we find that, after the reinforcement of green credit regulation, noncompliant...
• Input quality and skills are complementary and increase output quality: Causal evidence from Ecuador's trade liberalization AI翻译
  作者：Bas, Maria; Paunov, Caroline
  作者单位：heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD)
  摘要：This paper tests for the production complementarity between firms' access to high-quality intermediate inputs and their skill composition and their joint impact on output quality. Using census data at firm-product level for Ecuador for 1997-2007, we exploit exogenous tariff changes at Ecuador's entry to the World Trade Organization to show that input tariff cuts allow firms to upgrade their input quality. Next, we demonstrate by means of within-firm instrumental variable estimations that firms...
• Does insecure land tenure deter investment? Evidence from a randomized controlled trial AI翻译
  作者：Huntington, Heather; Shenoy, Ajay
  作者单位：Duke University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
  摘要：There is broad agreement among the most prominent observational studies that tenure insecurity deters invest-ment. We present new experimental evidence testing this proposition: a land certification program randomized across villages in Zambia. Our results contradict the consensus. Though the intervention improved perceptions of tenure security, it had no impact on investment in the following season. The impact is still zero even after a cross-randomized agroforestry extension relaxes financia...
• Place -based preferential tax policy and industrial development: Evidence from India ? s program on industrially backward districts AI翻译
  作者：Hasan, Rana; Jiang, Yi; Rafols, Radine Michelle
  作者单位：Asian Development Bank; Syracuse University
  摘要：We evaluate a tax-exemption program initiated by the Indian government in 1994 to promote manufacturing in districts designated as industrially backward on the basis of a continuous gradation score that reflected district characteristics in early 1990s. Employing a regression discontinuity design, we find that the program led to a significant increase in firm entry and employment, especially in light manufacturing industries of the better-off backward districts in the short run. However, this ...
• Is a refugee crisis a housing crisis? Only if housing supply is unresponsive AI翻译
  作者：Rozo, Sandra V.; Sviatschi, Micaela
  作者单位：Princeton University
  摘要：What are the impacts of large inflows of refugees on refugee-hosting housing markets? We examine the effects of the arrival of 1.3 million Syrian refugees on the housing expenditures and income of Jordanian nationals. For this purpose, we exploit that refugees disproportionately locate around the three largest refugee camps after the beginning of the Syrian conflict in 2011. Larger refugee inflows are reflected in two main trends: higher housing expenditures of all Jordanians and increments in...
• Standards and political connections: Evidence from Tunisia AI翻译
  作者：Kruse, Hendrik W.; Martinez-Zarzoso, Inma; Baghdadi, Leila
  作者单位：University of Gottingen; Universite de Orleans; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Orleans; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universitat Jaume I; Universite de Tunis
  摘要：In this paper we investigate whether trade liberalization leads to more stringent product standards in a developing country context, uncovering the role that the connected firms' market share plays in markets dominated by imports. We estimate a two-part model using data over the period from 2002 to 2010 to test whether additional product standards emerge in sectors where politically connected firms have a higher market share. Our main results show that the mechanisms we anticipated are in fact...
• Discrimination from below: Experimental evidence from Ethiopia AI翻译
  作者：Ayalew, Shibiru; Manian, Shanthi; Sheth, Ketki
  作者单位：Adama Science & Technology University; Washington State University; University of California System; University of California Merced
  摘要：Globally, women are underrepresented in leadership positions. A potential explanation is that gender discrimination by subordinates reduces the effectiveness of female leadership. Using a lab-in-the-field experiment in Ethiopia, we test whether leader gender affects the way subjects respond to leadership. We find subjects are ten percent less likely to follow the same advice from a female leader than an otherwise identical male leader. Subjects also give lower evaluations to hypothetical femal...