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作者：LEWIS, TR; SAPPINGTON, DEM
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：We consider the design of government policy to ration such scarce resources as water or pollution permits in the presence of limited information. When government policy is formulated, some informed agents (e.g. established public utilities) know how highly they value the resource. Other uninformed agents (e.g. potential independent power producers) only learn their valuations at some later date. The government allows uninformed agents to trade the resource rights they receive on a competitive ...
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作者：CIGNO, A
摘要：The analysis in Nishimura and Zhang (Journal of Public Economics, 1992, 48, 239-258) (N-Z) relies on an unstated assumption that, either individuals are able to coordinate their fertility decisions, or individual pensions are conditional on individual fertility. The present note criticizes this assumption, and shows what happens if it is dropped. Introducing a social security system with a rate of tax equal to the socially optimal transfer from the young to the old will have no effect on ferti...
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作者：GROSS, J
摘要：Revealed preference techniques are used to investigate the degree of heterogeneity of local public good preferences by testing the hypothesis that demographic characteristics are correlated with preferences for expenditure on public education. The test relies on a goodness-of-fit index which is on an estimation of wasted consumer expenditure. We use bootstrap techniques to estimate the distribution of the test statistic. Preference heterogeneity is found to be common, however Democrat-Protesta...
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作者：REBITZER, JB; TAYLOR, LJ
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Economists generally agree that the effect of a binding minimum wage law is to move firms backward along the demand curve for low skill workers. However, this prediction of worker displacement depends critically on the assumption that the productivity of firms' labor is not dependent on the wage. In this paper we show that in a conventional efficiency wage model, a minimum wage may increase the level of employment in low wage jobs. The formal logic of our model is similar to the case of labor ...
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作者：VAGSTAD, S
作者单位：University of Bergen
摘要：If a government cares for local firms' profit, but not for foreign firms', foreign firms will be discriminated against when competing for government procurement contracts. Foreign firms will be chosen less often and, when chosen, earn less profit than local firms. We analyze a more central authority's policies against such discrimination given a situation in which a government has private information on product quality, and the competing firms have private information on own costs. Necessary a...
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作者：FABELLA, RV
摘要：This paper shows that the entry of opposition to a transfer which raises overall Tullock outlays is welfare-enhancing when the number of rent-seekers is large. The spending of the opposition exceeds the fall in the combined spending of rent-seekers. Opposition when there is a single rent-seeker or an entrenched beneficiary is never welfare-enhancing. The larger the number of aspirants to a transfer, the smaller is the number of consumers required to render the consumer lobby ineffective when f...
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作者：GROSSKOPF, S; HAYES, K; HIRSCHBERG, J
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; Southern Illinois University System; Southern Illinois University; University of Melbourne
摘要：Faced with increasing crime rates, but nonincreasing budgets, local governments are seeking cost saving means of providing public safety. This paper investigates a bureaucracy's response to fiscal stress as well as its ability to efficiently substitute civilian for uniformed personnel. Exploiting duality theory, a distance function is used to model technology, retrieve information concerning substitutability and shadow prices of personnel, and test for cost minimization. Morishima elasticities...
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作者：COX, D; JAKUBSON, G
作者单位：Cornell University; United States Department of Labor
摘要：This paper investigates the anti-poverty effectiveness of public transfers taking private-transfer responses into account. Widespread, altruistically motivated private transfers would neutralize the distributional impact of public transfers. But exchange-motivated transfers can reinforce the effects of public transfers on the distribution of economic well-being. The common technique for gauging anti-poverty effectiveness (subtracting public transfers from other income and measuring the poverty...
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作者：POTERBA, JM
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper compares the level and composition of government spending in U.S. states that maintain separate budgets for capital and operating expenditures with that in states that employ unified budgets. It also investigates the effects of pay-as-you-go financing rules for capital projects. The empirical findings suggest that states with separate capital budgets spend more on public capital projects than comparable states with unified budgets. There is no evidence that the presence or absence o...
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作者：DEBARTOLOME, CAM
摘要：I investigate by experiment the tax rate used by individuals when making marginal economic decisions. I find that there are at least as many individuals who use the average tax rate 'as if' it is the marginal tax rate, as individuals who use the true marginal tax rate. The cause of the widespread use of the average tax rate is shown to be the presentation of the tax table: almost all individuals use the true marginal tax rate if the tax table is redesigned to stress the marginal rate. However,...
