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作者：Beetsma, RMWJ; Bovenberg, AL
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; Tilburg University
摘要：If discretionary monetary policy gives rise to an inflation bias, monetary unification boosts the accumulation of public debt. The additional debt accumulation harms welfare if governments are sufficiently myopic. In the presence of myopic governments, debt ceilings play a useful role in avoiding excessive debt accumulation in a monetary union and allowing a conservative, independent central bank to focus on price stability. With supply shocks, monetary unification results in excessive variabi...
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作者：Latham, R
作者单位：York University - Canada
摘要：This paper derives necessary and sufficient conditions for the difference between the compensating and equivalent variations due to a change in an exogenously determined commodity to be positive, zero, or negative. These conditions are expressed both in terms of the forms of the conditional expenditure and indirect utility functions and in terms of the exogenously determined commodity's notional aggregate elasticity of substitution for the other commodities, its notional income elasticity, and...
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作者：Dharmapala, D
作者单位：Australian National University
摘要：This paper analyzes the impact of legislative committee structure on policy outcomes, comparing a 'tax committee' (enacting tax expenditures) and a decentralized system of specialized committees (undertaking direct spending). An endogenous commodity taxation framework is combined with models of legislative bargaining and committee voting. The main conclusion is that the tax committee structure gives rise to lower subsidy levels under a wide range of circumstances. However, it is only under a m...
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作者：Friedberg, L
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Researchers have devoted considerable attention to analyzing the impact of Social Security on retirement, with mixed findings. However, the means-tested program Old Age Assistance (OAA) dwarfed Social Security until the 1950s and coincided with the early decline in elderly labor force participation. Also, OAA benefits were determined by the stares - a key source of policy variation. I estimate the relationship between OAA benefits and elderly participation using individual data from the 1940 a...
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作者：Brunello, G; Ishikawa, T
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Tokyo
摘要：We present a model where the interaction between the size of the elite school sector, industrial structure and labor market outcomes is characterized by the concept of Nash decentralized equilibrium. Depending on the underlying parameters, the economy described in the model can be characterized by multiple regime equilibria and historical accident decides which equilibrium the economy falls in. In one regime, the size of the elite school sector affects investment in academic skills, average pr...
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作者：Glazer, A; Konrad, KA
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Free University of Berlin
摘要：We consider taxes on firms which engage in rent-seeking contests. The taxes can be on realized profits or on rent-seeking expenditures. The prize can be awarded to either the highest bidder, or to a firm with probability proportional to its share of total spending on lobbying. We find the conditions under which taxes do not reduce rent-seeking effort, generate tax revenue with no tax burden, and cause no reduction in the profits of firms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
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作者：Huizinga, H
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：This paper first considers a closed economy consisting of two regions and inhabited by workers of heterogeneous productivity. Each region in principle can redistribute income among its workers. Workers are free to migrate between the two regions. If the two regions differ in their extent of income redistribution, there generally are two types of worker allocation equilibria: equilibria where the two national distributions of labor productivity overlap, and equilibria where labor is stratified ...
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作者：Naito, H
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Syracuse University
摘要：This paper shows that the result of uniform commodity tax under nonlinear income taxation by Atkinson and Stiglitz (1976) no longer holds if the production side of an economy is taken into the consideration. In particular, imposing a non-uniform commodity tax can Pareto-improve welfare even under nonlinear income taxation. In addition, the paper shows that if the government uses a nonlinear income tax system for income redistribution, then the introduction of distortions in the public sector c...
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作者：Ockenfels, A; Weimann, J
作者单位：Otto von Guericke University
摘要：In a study of public good and solidarity experiments conducted in eastern and western Germany, we found in both games that eastern subjects behave in a significantly more selfish manner than do western subjects. Besides that we found that many qualitative results of both data sets are similar. Since our experiments were conducted in two parts of one nation, we present an unusually well controlled cross-cultural study by avoiding difficulties that usually arise in multinational settings. We con...
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作者：Hindriks, J; Keen, M; Muthoo, A
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Exeter; International Monetary Fund; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Corruption, evasion and the abuse of power - and the possibility thereof - are pervasive features of economic activity. A prominent instance is tax collection. This paper examines the implications of corruptibility and the potential abuse of authority for the effects and optimal design of (potentially non-linear) tax collection schemes. Amongst the findings are that: the distributional effects of evasion and corruption are unambiguously regressive under the kinds of schemes usual in practice; ...
