1999

最新文章

• Tax incidence under oligopoly: a comparison of policy approaches AI翻译
  作者：Hamilton, SF
  作者单位：Kansas State University
  摘要：This paper presents a methodological approach for the analysis of tax incidence that encompasses familiar forms of taxation in a general and analytically convenient model. In oligopolistic industries, the performance of a tax depends on the sensitivity of the unit tax rate to changes in industry output. Output-elastic tax schedules are less Likely to be over-shifted and have superior welfare properties relative to regulatory instruments that are less responsive to the equilibrium market quanti...
• How responsive is business capital formation to its user cost? An exploration with micro data AI翻译
  作者：Chirinko, RS; Fazzari, SM; Meyer, AP
  作者单位：Emory University; Washington University (WUSTL); Federal Reserve System - USA
  摘要：The response of business capital formation to its user cost is critical to evaluating tax reform, deficit reduction, and monetary policy. Evidence for a substantial user cost elasticity, however, is sparse. Most evidence has been based on aggregate data, although several recent studies with firm-level data report substantial effects. With a particularly rich micro dataset containing over 26,000 observations, this paper explores what can be learned about the user cost elasticity. While the resu...
• On the determinants of fiscal centralization: Theory and evidence AI翻译
  作者：Panizza, U
  作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank
  摘要：This paper presents a simple model that unifies most of the results of the literature on fiscal federalism. The model describes an economy characterized by two levels of government, one public good, and a private good. The predictions of the model are tested by using a new set of measures of fiscal centralization. The main findings are that country size, income per capita, ethnic fractionalization, and level of democracy are negatively correlated with the degree of fiscal centralization. The m...
• Incomplete contracting and price regulation AI翻译
  作者：Bös, D
  作者单位：University of Bonn
  摘要：This paper deals with price regulation of a monopolistic distribution grid which sells a license to some retailer. The regulator aims at attaining efficient sale of the license and efficient relationship-specific investments of the agents. The first best can be attained by a sequential regulatory mechanism which gives the seller an option to grant the license but allows the buyer to make counteroffers. This sequential mechanism runs counter to the usual price-cap idea since possible upward but...
• Joint provision of public goods: the consolidation of school districts AI翻译
  作者：Brasington, DM
  作者单位：Tulane University
  摘要：A new methodological approach investigates the factors that cause and inhibit political jurisdictions from jointly providing public services. Previous statistical approaches study whether consolidation occurs but are incapable of exploring with whom it occurs. The Poirier bivariate probit analysis suggests population and property value factors matter more than socio-demographic factors in determining whether two neighboring entities will form a consolidated school district. Small and large dis...
• Redistributive effect, progressivity and differential tax treatment:: Personal income taxes in twelve OECD countries AI翻译
  作者：Wagstaff, A; van Doorslaer, E; van der Burg, H; Calonge, S; Christiansen, T; Citoni, G; Gerdtham, UG; Gerfin, M; Gross, L; Häkinnen, U; John, J; Johnson, P; Klavus, J; Lachaud, C; Lauridsen, J; Leu, RE; Nolan, B; Peran, E; Propper, C; Puffer, F; Rochaix, L; Rodríguez, M; Schellhorn, M; Sundberg, G; Winkelhake, O
  作者单位：University of Sussex; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Barcelona; University of Southern Denmark; Sapienza University Rome; Stockholm School of Economics; University of Bern; Clark University; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; University of Southern Denmark; Economic & Social Research Institute (ESRI); University of Barcelona; University of Bristol; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et oceanographie spatiales; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; University of Barcelona; Uppsala University
  摘要：This paper decomposes the redistributive effect of the personal income taxes (PITs) of twelve OECD countries into four components: (i) an average rate effect, (ii) a departure-from-propartionality or progressivity effect, (iii) a horizontal equity effect and (iv) a reranking effect. The product of (i) and (ii) indicates the vertical redistribution associated with the PIT and the sum of(iii) and (iv) indicates the impact on the distribution of income of differential tax treatment. The average t...
• Strategic risk taking when there is a public good to be provided privately AI翻译
  作者：Robledo, JR
  作者单位：Free University of Berlin
  摘要：We describe a situation where a risk averse individual has a preference for risk taking. In the literature, we find this strategic risk behaviour in an altruistic framework, where the individual actually benefits from his noninsurance only in the loss outcome. In our model, all agents are perfectly selfish. When a public good is to be provided privately after the insurance decision, the player facing greater uncertainty can expect an income transfer from the other individuals through the commi...
• Education finance reform and investment in human capital:: lessons from California AI翻译
  作者：Fernández, R; Rogerson, R
  作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：This paper examines the effect of different education financing systems on the level and distribution of resources devoted to public education. Pie focus on California, which in the 1970's was transformed from a foundation system of mixed local and state financing to one of effectively pure state finance and subsequently saw its funding of public education fall between 10 and 15% relative to the rest of the US. We show that a simple political economy model of public finance can account for the...
• The productivity of schools and other local public goods producers AI翻译
  作者：Hoxby, CM
  作者单位：Harvard University
  摘要：I construct an agency model of local public goods producers in which households make Tiebout choices among jurisdictions in a world of imperfect information and costly residential mobility. I examine producers' effort and rent under local property tax finance and centralized finance. I show that, if there are a sufficient number of jurisdictions, conventional local property tax finance can attain about as much productivity as a social planner with centralized finance can, even if the social pl...
• Inter vivos transfers and intended bequests AI翻译
  作者：McGarry, K
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Empirical work on intergenerational transfers has focused on distinguishing between altruistic and exchange motivated behavior. However, these two models are unable to explain the strong tendency far inter vivos transfers to be negatively related to the income of the recipient; while bequests bear no relationship to income. This paper presents a new framework for analyzing transfers from parents to children that is more consistent with observed behavior than are the altruistic and exchange mod...