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作者：Itaya, Jun-ichi; Okamura, Makoto; Yamaguchi, Chikara
作者单位：Hokkaido University; Hiroshima University
摘要：This paper reexamines the main findings of Cardarelli et a]. [Cardarelli, R., Taugourdeau, E., Vidal, J.-P., 2002. A repeated interactions model of tax competition, Journal of Public Economic Theory 4, 19-38], and Catenaro and Vidal [Catenaro, M., Vidal, J.-P., 2006. Implicit tax co-ordination under repeated policy interactions, Recherches Economiques de Louvain 72, 1-17], who show that regional asymmetries undermine the implicit collusion of tax coordination in a repeated game model of capita...
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作者：Wilson, John Douglas
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：A major roadblock to the implementation of Bhagwati's proposal to allow developing countries to tax skilled emigrants residing in developed countries (the brain drain) is the administrative problems associated with collecting this tax in the absence of developed-country cooperation. This paper provides a partial solution to these problems, involving the tax treatment of emigrants who return to their countries of origin. The tax system is structured so that returning emigrants who previously pa...
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作者：Karistrom, Anders; Palme, Marten; Svensson, Ingemar
作者单位：Stockholm University; Royal Institute of Technology
摘要：We study the effect of a reform of the Swedish disability insurance (DI) program whereby the special eligibility rules for workers in the age group 60 to 64 were abolished. First, we use a differences-in-differences approach to study changes in the disability take-up as compared to the age group 55 to 59. Then, we use a similar approach to study to what extent the employment effect of the reform is crowded out by an increase in the utilization of the sickpay insurance (SI) and/or the unemploym...
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作者：Koszegi, Botond; Rabin, Matthew
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This article explores some conceptual issues in the study of well-being using the traditional economic approach of inferring preferences solely from choice behavior. We argue that choice behavior alone can never reveal which situations make people better off, even with unlimited data and under the maintained hypothesis of 100% rational choice. Ancillary assumptions or additional forms of data such as happiness measures are always needed. With such ancillary assumptions and additional data, how...
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作者：Brekke, Kurt R.; Siciliani, Luigi; Straume, Odd Rune
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of York - UK; University of York - UK; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universidade do Minho; Universidade do Minho; University of Bergen
摘要：This paper studies the impact of hospital competition on waiting times. We use a Salop-type model, with hospitals that differ in (geographical) location and, potentially, waiting time, and two types of patients: high-benefit patients who choose between neighbouring hospitals (competitive segment), and low-benefit patients who decide whether or not to demand treatment from the closest hospital (monopoly segment). Compared with a benchmark case of monopoly, we find that hospital competition lead...
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作者：Mateos-Planas, Xavier
作者单位：University of Southampton
摘要：This paper investigates the determination of social security within a general equilibrium, overlapping-generations model where agents live for many periods, and replacement rates are determined through voting in each period by forward looking agents. The distinctive feature is the study of Markov equilibrium policy outcomes which do not rest on a commitment mechanism. Versions of the model are calibrated to the US economic, policy, and demographic conditions. Even in the absence of commitment,...
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作者：Sole-Olle, Albert; Sorribas-Navarro, Pilar
作者单位：University of Barcelona
摘要：In this paper we test the hypothesis that municipalities aligned with upper-tier grantor governments (i.e., controlled by the same party) will receive more grants than those that are unaligned. We use a rich Spanish database, which provides information on grants received by nearly 900 municipalities during the period 1993-2003 from three different upper-tier governments (i.e., Central, Regional and Upper-local). Since three elections were held at each tier during this period, we have enough wi...
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作者：Tagkalakis, Athanasios
摘要：This paper explores in a yearly panel of nineteen OECD countries from 1970-2002 the effects of fiscal policy changes on private consumption in recessions and expansions. In the presence of binding liquidity constraints on households, fiscal policy is more effective in boosting private consumption in recessions than in expansions. The effect is more pronounced in countries characterized by a less developed consumer credit market. This happens because the fraction of individuals that face bindin...
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作者：Singhal, Monica
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I propose a fully rational model of government contracting that explains differences in local government spending from grants and other income. In this model, violations of fungibility arise from dynamic interactions between politicians and interest groups with the ability to raise funds for the local government. The predictions of the model are tested by exploiting unique features of windfalls received by states under a settlement with the tobacco industry. Although windfalls are legally unre...
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作者：Roine, Jesper; Waldenstrom, Daniel
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：This study presents new homogenous series of top income shares in Sweden over the period 1903-2004. We find that, starting from levels of inequality approximately equal to those in other Western countries at the time, the income share of the Swedish top decile drops sharply over the first eighty years of the twentieth century. Most of the decrease takes place before the expansion of the welfare state and by 1950 Swedish top income shares were already lower than in other countries. The fall is ...
