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作者：Gabaix, Xavier
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper proposes a tractable way to model boundedly rational dynamic programming. The agent uses an endogenously simplified, or sparse, model of the world and the consequences of his actions and acts according to a behavioral Bellman equation. The framework yields a behavioral version of some of the canonical models in macroeconomics and finance. In the life-cycle model, the agent initially does not pay much attention to retirement and undersaves; late in life, he progressively saves more, ...
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作者：Gonzalez, Felipe; Martinez, Luis R.; Munoz, Pablo; Prem, Mounu
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Chicago; Universidad de Chile
摘要：We provide new evidence on the causal effect of higher education on mortality. Our empirical strategy exploits the reduction in college openings introduced by the Pinochet regime after the 1973 coup in Chile, which led to a sharp downward kink in college enrollment among those cohorts reaching college age in the following years. Using administrative data from the vital statistics, we document an upward kink in the age-specific yearly mortality rate of individuals in the affected cohorts. We es...
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作者：Dubois, Pierre; Hjort, Jonas; Lorenzoni, Guido; Pavoni, Nicola; Peri, Giovanni; Skreta, Vasiliki; Wacziarg, Romain; Weber, Andrea
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of London; University College London; University of Chicago; Bocconi University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者：Choukhmane, Taha; Coeurdacier, Nicolas; Jin, Keyu
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We investigate whether the one-child policy has contributed to the rise in China's household saving rate and human capital in recent decades. In a life-cycle model with intergenerational transfers and human capital accumulation, fertility restrictions lower expected old-age support coming from children-inducing parents to raise saving and education investment in their offspring. Quantitatively, the policy can account for at least 30% of the rise in aggregate saving. Using the birth of twins un...
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作者：Heiss, Florian; Ornaghi, Carmine; Tonin, Mirco
作者单位：Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; University of Southampton; Free University of Bozen-Bolzano; Fondazione Bruno Kessler; FBK-IRVAPP - Research Institute for the Evaluation of Public Policies
摘要：This paper studies consumers' choice between two different water tariffs. We document a large inaction in a novel setting where customers face a binary decision and receive simple, detailed, and personalized information about the financial savings they would obtain if they were to switch water tariff. Our empirical framework separates two sources of inertia: inattention and switching costs. The model estimates that half of the customers that would benefit from changing tariff are not aware of ...
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作者：Justino, Patricia; Leone, Marinella; Rolla, Pierfrancesco; Abimpaye, Monique; Dusabe, Caroline; Uwamahoro, Marie D.; Germond, Richard
作者单位：University of Pavia; Save the Children
摘要：This paper investigates the short- and medium-term impact of a randomized group-based early child development program targeting parents of children aged 6-24 months in a poor, rural district of Rwanda. This low-intensity, short-duration, and low-cost program engaged parents through sessions that included a novel radio show and facilitated discussions during 17 weekly village-level meetings. The intervention included two treatment arms, with different components. Twelve months after baseline, c...
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作者：Bighelli, Tommaso; di Mauro, Filippo; Melitz, Marc J.; Mertens, Matthias
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH); Harvard University
摘要：This paper derives a European Herfindahl-Hirschman concentration index from 15 micro-aggregated country datasets. In the last decade, European concentration rose due to a reallocation of economic activity toward large and concentrated industries. Over the same period, productivity gains from an increasing allocative efficiency of the European market accounted for 50% of European productivity growth while markups stayed constant. Using country-industry variation, we show that changes in concent...
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作者：Chambers, Christopher P.; Cuhadaroglu, Tugce; Masatlioglu, Yusufcan
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of St Andrews; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：In the context of stochastic choice, we introduce an individual decision model that admits a cardinal notion of peer influence. The model presumes that individual choice is not only determined by idiosyncratic evaluations of alternatives but also by the influence of the observed behavior of others. We establish that the equilibrium defined by the model is unique, stable, and falsifiable. Moreover, the underlying preferences and influence parameters as well as the structure of the underlying ne...
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作者：Antman, Francisca M.; Duncan, Brian
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：This paper links Native American racial self-identification with the rise in tribal gaming across the United States. We find that state policy changes allowing tribes to open casinos are associated with an increase in the probability that individuals with American Indian ancestors will self-identify as Native American and a decrease in the probability that individuals with no American Indian ancestry will self-identify as Native American. Moreover, we find that the magnitudes of the impacts ar...
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作者：Andreoni, James; Callen, Michael; Hussain, Karrar; Khan, Muhammad Yasir; Sprenger, Charles
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; California Institute of Technology
摘要：We use estimates of time preferences to customize incentives for polio vaccinators in Lahore, Pakistan. We measure time preferences using intertemporal allocations of effort, and use these estimates to construct individually tailored incentives. We evaluate the effect of matching contract terms to discounting parameters in a subsequent experiment with the same vaccinators. Our tailored policy is compared with alternatives that either rely on atheoretic reduced-form relationships for policy gui...
