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作者：Azmat, Ghazala; Kaufmann, Katja Maria
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); University of Bayreuth
摘要：We exploit a large exogenous shock to study the formation, and updating, of educational plans, and to examine how these plans ultimately impact later educational attainment. Using novel, longitudinal, microdata on cohorts of East German adolescents before and after the German Reunification (a change for the East from state socialism to capitalist democracy), and using differences across cohorts induced by the timing of Reunification, we show that shortly after relative to before that time, col...
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作者：Galdon-Sanchez, Jose Enrique; Gil, Ricard; Holub, Felix; Uriz-Uharte, Guillermo
作者单位：Universidad Publica de Navarra; Queens University - Canada; Goethe University Frankfurt
摘要：Low Emission Zones are defined areas within a city where driving restrictions are introduced with the aim to reduce pollution, but they may also unintentionally distort consumer spending decisions. By increasing transportation costs to ban-affected areas, driving restrictions could discourage spending in stores of those areas. This paper empirically evaluates the effects of a driving restriction regulation in Madrid, Spain, known as Madrid Central. First, using a difference-in-differences iden...
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作者：Auriol, Emmanuelle; Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of Namur; Paris School of Economics; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
摘要：This paper elucidates the willingness of an autocrat to push through institutional reforms in a context where traditional authorities represented by religious clerics are averse to them and where the military control the means of repression and can potentially stage a coup. We show that although the autocrat always wants to co-opt the military, this is not necessarily true of the clerics. Exclusive co-option of the military obtains where the loyalty of the autocrat's army is strong while the o...
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作者：Aydogan, Ilke; Berger, Loic; Bosetti, Valentina; Liu, Ning
作者单位：IESEG School of Management; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Bocconi University; Beihang University; Beihang University
摘要：We explore decision-making under uncertainty using a framework that decomposes uncertainty into three distinct layers: (1) risk, which entails inherent randomness within a given probability model; (2) model ambiguity, which entails uncertainty about the probability model to be used; and (3) model misspecification, which entails uncertainty about the presence of the correct probability model among the set of models considered. Using a new experimental design, we isolate and measure attitudes to...
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作者：Forand, Jean Guillaume; Ujhelyi, Gergely; Ting, Michael M.
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Houston System; University of Houston; Columbia University
摘要：We develop a model of policy making with an endogenous bureaucracy. Parties choose platforms and ideologically differentiated citizens decide whether to enter the public sector, anticipating the platforms that they may be asked to implement. Bureaucrats prefer to work on policies closer to their ideal, and voters judge the performance of an administration taking both politicians' and bureaucrats' actions into account. The model provides an equilibrium framework to study the emergence of partis...
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作者：Benjamin, Daniel J.; Debnam Guzman, Jakina; Fleurbaey, Marc; Heffetz, Ori; Kimball, Miles
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Amherst College; Paris School of Economics; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Cornell University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：What utility notion-e.g. flow/lifetime, self/family-centered-do self-reported well-being (SWB) questions measure? Existing applications make different assumptions regarding the (i) life domains, (ii) time horizons, and (iii) other-regarding preferences captured by SWB data. To obtain relevant evidence, we ask survey respondents what they had in mind regarding (i)-(iii) when answering commonly used-life satisfaction, happiness, ladder-and new SWB questions. We find that respondents' self-report...
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作者：Konradt, Maximilian; di Mauro, Beatrice Weder
作者单位：INSEAD Business School
摘要：This paper studies the effects of carbon pricing on inflation dynamics. We construct a sample of carbon taxes implemented in Europe and Canada over three decades and estimate the response of inflation and price components to carbon pricing. Our empirical results suggest that carbon taxes did not significantly increase inflation, with dynamic effects estimated around zero in most specifications. Instead we find support for relative price changes, increasing the cost of energy but leaving the pr...
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作者：Campante, Filipe R.; Chor, Davin; Li, Bingjing
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Hong Kong
摘要：We study how adverse economic shocks influence political outcomes in strong authoritarian regimes, by examining the export slowdown in China during the mid-2010s. We first show that prefectures that experienced a more severe export slowdown witnessed a significant increase in incidents of labor strikes, using a shift-share instrumental variables strategy. The prefecture party secretary was subsequently more likely to be replaced by the central government, particularly if the rise in strikes wa...
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作者：Barkley, Aaron
作者单位：University of Melbourne
摘要：Despite recent attention to the role of competition in determining health outcomes in developed nations, little is known about how market power impedes access to quality care in lower-income countries. This paper studies the effects of policy changes that stopped collusion among firms supplying insulin to one of Mexico's largest health care providers. I document increased insulin utilization and decreased diabetes complications and mortality following the sudden drop in insulin prices caused b...
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作者：Gabriel, Ricardo Duque; Klein, Mathias; Pessoa, Ana Sofia
作者单位：University of Bonn; Sveriges Riksbank
摘要：Using a newly assembled rich dataset at the regional level, this paper provides novel empirical evidence on the effects of fiscal policy in the Eurozone. Our baseline estimates reveal a government spending relative output multiplier around 2, an employment multiplier of 1.4, and a cost per job created of approximately euro30,000. Moreover, we find that a regional fiscal stimulus leads to a significant increase in private investment, productivity, and durable consumption. The labor share also i...
