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作者：Nicolau, Joao; Rodrigues, Paulo M. M.
作者单位：Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Banco de Portugal; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：A new regression-based approach for the estimation of the tail index of heavy-tailed distributions with several important properties is introduced. First, it provides a bias reduction when compared to available regression-based methods; second, it is resilient to the choice of the tail length used for the estimation of the tail index; third, when the effect of the slowly varying function at infinity of the Pareto distribution vanishes slowly, it continues to perform satisfactorily; and fourth,...
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作者：Berman, Nicolas; Rebeyrol, Vincent; Vicard, Vincent
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; European Central Bank; Bank of France
摘要：This paper provides direct evidence that learning about demand is an important driver of firms' dynamics. We present a model of Bayesian learning in which firms are uncertain about idiosyncratic demand in each market and update their beliefs as noisy information arrives. Firms update their beliefs to a given demand shock more, the younger they are. We test and empirically confirm this prediction, using the structure of the model, together with exporter-level data, to identify demand shocks and...
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作者：Bishop, Kelly C.; Murphy, Alvin D.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：We build on the intuitive (static) modeling framework of Rosen (1974) and specify a simple, forward-looking model of location choice. We use this model, along with a series of graphs, to describe the potential biases associated with the static model and relate these biases to the time series of the amenity of interest. We then derive an adjustment factor that allows the potentially biased static estimates to be converted into forwardlooking estimates. Finally, we illustrate these concepts with...
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作者：Bontemps, Christian
作者单位：Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite de Toulouse; Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：This paper considers moment-based tests applied to estimated quantities. We propose a general class of transforms of moments to handle the parameter uncertainty problem. The construction requires only a linear correction that can be implemented in sample and remains valid for some extended families of nonsmooth moments. We reemphasize the attractiveness of working with robust moments, which lead to testing procedures that do not depend on the estimator. Furthermore, no correction is needed whe...
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作者：Aizer, Anna; Currie, Janet
作者单位：Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University
摘要：Using a unique data set linking preschool blood lead levels, birth, school, and detention records for 125,000 children born between 1990 and 2004 in Rhode Island, we estimate the impact of lead on school suspension and juvenile detention. Sibling fixed-effect models suggest that omitted variables related to family disadvantage do not bias OLS estimates. However, measurement error does. We use IV methods that exploit local (within-neighborhood), variation in lead exposure deriving from road pro...
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作者：Bratsberg, Bernt; Hernaes, Oystein; Markussen, Simen; Raaum, Oddbjorn; Roed, Knut
摘要：We evaluate the impact on youth crime of a welfare reform that tightened activation requirements for social assistance clients. The evaluation strategy exploits administrative individual data in combination with geographically differentiated implementation of the reform. We find that the reform reduced crime among teenage boys from economically disadvantaged families. Stronger reform effects on weekday versus weekend crime, reduced school dropout, and favorable long-run outcomes in terms of cr...
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作者：Jaworski, Taylor; Kitchens, Carl T.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：How effective are policies aimed at integrating isolated regions? We answer this question in the context of a highway system in one of the poorest regions in the United States. With construction starting in 1965, the Appalachian Development Highway System (ADHS) ultimately consisted of over 2,500 high-grade road miles. We use a simple model of interregional trade to motivate our empirical analysis, which quantifies the relationship between market access and income. We then calibrate the model ...
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作者：Tur-Prats, Ana
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：This paper examines the long-term determinants of intimate partner violence (IPV) by analyzing its relationship with traditional family structures: stem families in which one child stays in the parental household and nuclear families in which all children leave the household upon marriage. My hypothesis is that coresidence with a mother-in-law increases a wife's contribution to nondomestic work, which may decrease the level of violence. I find that areas where stem families were socially predo...
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作者：Antman, Francisca; Duncan, Brian
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
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作者：Brown, Caitlin; Ravallion, Martin; van de Walle, Dominique
作者单位：Central European University; Georgetown University; The World Bank
摘要：Policymakers often assume that targeting observably poor households suffices in reaching nutritionally deprived individuals. We question that assumption. Our comprehensive assessment for sub-Saharan Africa reveals that undernourished women and children are spread widely across the household wealth and consumption distributions. Roughly three-quarters of underweight women and undernourished children are not found in the poorest 20% of households, and around half are not found in the poorest 40%...
