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作者：Ferman, Bruno; Pinto, Cristine
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：We derive an inference method that works in differences-in-differences settings with few treated and many control groups in the presence of heteroskedasticity. As a leading example, we provide theoretical justification and empirical evidence that heteroskedasticity generated by variation in group sizes can invalidate existing inference methods, even in data sets with a large number of observations per group. In contrast, our inference method remains valid in this case. Our test can also be com...
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作者：Handel, Benjamin R.; Kolstad, Jonathan T.; Spinnewijn, Johannes
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Despite evidence that many consumers in health insurance markets are subject to information frictions, approaches used to evaluate these markets typically assume informed, active consumers. We develop a general framework to study insurance market equilibrium in the presence of choice frictions and evaluate key policy interventions. We identify sufficient relationships between the underlying distributions of consumer costs, surplus from risk protection, and choice frictions that determine the w...
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作者：Sabia, Joseph J.; Pitts, M. Melinda; Argys, Laura M.
作者单位：California State University System; San Diego State University; University System Of New Hampshire; University of New Hampshire; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：In volume 94 of this REVIEW, Adams, Blackburn, and Cotti (ABC), using Fatal Accident Reporting System data from 1998 to 2006, find that a 10% increase in the minimum wage is associated with a 7% to 11% increase in alcohol-related fatal traffic accidents involving teen drivers. We find this result does not hold when the analysis period is expanded to include 1991 through 2013. In addition, auxiliary analyses provide no support for income-driven increases in alcohol consumption, the primary mech...
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作者：Koster, Hans R. A.; van Ommeren, Jos
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Tinbergen Institute; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We study the economic effects of place-based policies in the housing market, by investigating the effects of a place-based program on prices of surrounding owner-occupied properties. The program improved the quality of public housing in 83 impoverished neighborhoods throughout the Netherlands. We combine a first-difference approach with a fuzzy regression-discontinuity design to address the fundamental issue that these neighborhoods are endogenously treated. Improvements in public housing indu...
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作者：Bernard, Andrew B.; Moxnes, Andreas; Ulltveit-Moe, Karen Helene
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作者：Demyanyk, Yuliya; Loutskina, Elena; Murphy, Daniel
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Virginia; University of Virginia
摘要：In the aftermath of the consumer debt-induced recession, policymakers have questioned whether fiscal stimulus is effective during periods of high consumer indebtedness. This study empirically investigates this question. Using detailed data on Department of Defense spending for the 2007-2009 period, we document that the open-economy relative fiscal multiplier is higher in geographies with higher consumer debt. The results suggest that in the short term (2007-2009), fiscal policy can mitigate th...
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作者：Gorbachev, Olga; Luengo-Prado, Maria Jose
作者单位：University of Delaware
摘要：We use the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to revisit what is termed the credit card debt puzzle: why consumers simultaneously co-hold high-interest credit card debt and low-interest assets that could be used to pay down this debt. Relative to individuals with no credit card debt but positive liquid assets, borrower-savers have very different perceptions of future credit access risk and use credit cards for precautionary motives. Moreover, changing perceptions about credit access ri...
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作者：Evans, William N.; Lieber, Ethan M. J.; Power, Patrick
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University
摘要：We attribute the recent quadrupling of heroin death rates to the August 2010 reformulation of an oft-abused prescription opioid, OxyContin. The new abuse-deterrent formulation led many consumers to substitute an inexpensive alternative, heroin. Using structural break techniques and variation in substitution risk, we find that opioid consumption stops rising in August 2010, heroin deaths begin climbing the following month, and growth in heroin deaths was greater in areas with greater prereformu...
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作者：Gauriot, Romain; Page, Lionel
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Technology Sydney
摘要：We provide evidence of a violation of the informativeness principle whereby lucky successes are overly rewarded. We isolate a quasi-experimental situation where the success of an agent is as good as random. To do so, we use high-quality data on football (soccer) matches and select shots on goal that landed on the goal posts. Using nonscoring shots, taken from a similar location on the pitch, as counterfactuals to scoring shots, we estimate the causal effect of a lucky success (goal) on the eva...
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作者：Carr, Jillian B.; Packham, Analisa
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; University System of Ohio; Miami University
摘要：In this paper, we study the effects of the timing of nutritional aid disbursement on crime, using two main sources of variation: (a) a policy change in Illinois that substantially increased the number of SNAP distribution days and (b) an existing Indiana policy that issues SNAP benefits by last name. We find that staggering SNAP benefits leads to large reductions in crime and theft at grocery stores by 17.5% and 20.9%, respectively. Findings also show that theft decreases in the second and thi...
