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作者：Sato, Yukiyo; Kondo, Hideki; Suzuki, Nobuhiro
作者单位：Okayama University
摘要：Antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) is conserved from yeasts to mammals. Dicer recognizes and cleaves virusderived double - stranded RNA (dsRNA) and/or structured single - stranded RNA (ssRNA) into small - interfering RNAs, which guide effector Argonaute to homologous viral RNAs for digestion and inhibit virus replication. Thus, Argonaute is believed to be essential for antiviral RNAi. Here, we show Argonaute - independent, Dicer - dependent antiviral defense against dsRNA viruses using Cryphone...
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作者：Zipple, Matthew N.; Reeve, H. Kern; Peniston, Orca Jimmy
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：Animals, and mammals in particular, vary widely in their pace of life, with some species living long lives and reproducing infrequently (slow life histories) and others living short lives and reproducing often (fast life histories). nese species also vary in the importance of maternal care in offspring fitness: In some species, offspring are fully independent of their mothers following a brief period of nutritional input, while others display a long period of continued dependence on mothers we...
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作者：Burata, Olive E.; O'Donnell, Ever; Hyun, Jeonghoon; Lucero, Rachael M.; Thomas, Junius E.; Gibbs, Ethan M.; Reacher, Isabella; Carney, Nolan A.; Stockbridge, Randy B.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：In secondary active transporters, a relatively limited set of protein folds have evolved diverse solute transport functions. Because of the conformational changes inherent to transport, altering substrate specificity typically involves remodeling the entire structural landscape, limiting our understanding of how novel substrate specificities evolve. In the current work, we examine a structurally minimalist family of model transport proteins, the small multidrug resistance (SMR) transporters, t...
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作者：Detomaso, Angela; Kim, Hyeyon; Shauh, Jacqueline; Adulla, Anika; Zigo, Sarah; Ghoul, Maya; Presicce, Pietro; Kallapur, Suhas G.; Goodman, Wendy; Tilburgs, Tamara; Way, Sing-Sing; Hackney, David; Moore, John; Mesiano, Sam
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; University Hospitals of Cleveland; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：The process of human parturition involves inflammation at the interface where fetal chorion trophoblast cells interact with maternal decidual stromal (DS) cells and maternal immune cells in the decidua (endometrium of pregnancy). This study tested the hypothesis that inflammation at the chorion-decidua interface (CDI) induces labor by negating the capacity for progesterone (P4) to block labor and that this is mediated by inactivation of P4 in DS cells by aldo - keto reductase family 1 member C...
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作者：Harkin, Jade; Pena, Kiersten H.; Gomes, Catia; Hernandez, Melody; Lavekar, Sailee S.; So, Kaman; Lentsch, Kelly; Feder, Elyse M.; Morrow, Sarah; Huang, Kang - Chieh; Tutrow, Kaylee D.; Morris, Ann; Zhang, Chi; Meyer, Jason S.
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University of Kentucky; Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis
摘要：Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) - derived retinal organoids are three - dimensional cellular aggregates that differentiate and self - organize to closely mimic the spatial and temporal patterning of the developing human retina. Retinal organoid models serve as reliable tools for studying human retinogenesis, yet limitations in the efficiency and reproducibility of current retinal organoid differentiation protocols have reduced the use of these models for more high - throughput applications ...
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作者：Hersh, Taylor A.; Ravignani, Andrea; Whitehead, Hal
作者单位：Oregon State University; Max Planck Society; Dalhousie University; Sapienza University Rome
摘要：While rhythm can facilitate and enhance many aspects of behavior, its evolutionary trajectory in vocal communication systems remains enigmatic. We can trace evolutionary processes by investigating rhythmic abilities in different species, but research to date has largely focused on songbirds and primates. We present evidence that cetaceans-whales, dolphins, and porpoises-are a missing piece of the puzzle for understanding why rhythm evolved in vocal communication systems. Cetaceans not only pro...
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作者：Li, Dongdong; Chen, Di; Li, Wei; Ou, Guangshuo
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Zhejiang University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Ciliary defects are linked to ciliopathies, but impairments in the sensory cilia of Caenorhabditis elegans neurons extend lifespan, a phenomenon with previously unclear mechanisms. Our study reveals that neuronal cilia defects trigger the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPR ER ) within intestinal cells, a process dependent on the insulin/insulin - like growth factor 1 (IGF - 1) signaling transcription factor and the release of neuronal signaling molecules. While inhibit...
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作者：Ning, Kang; Zhao, Junxing; Feng, Zehua; Park, Soo Yeun; Mcfarlin, Shane; Cheng, Fang; Yan, Ziying; Wang, Jingxin; Qiu, Jianming
作者单位：University of Kansas; University of Kansas Medical Center; University of Kansas; University of Chicago; University of Iowa
摘要：Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a human parvovirus that causes lower respiratory tract infections in young children. It contains a single-stranded (ss) DNA genome of similar to 5.5 kb that encodes a small noncoding RNA of 140 nucleotides known as bocavirus-encoded small RNA (BocaSR), in addition to viral proteins. Here, we determined the secondary structure of BocaSR in vivo by using DMS-MaPseq. Our findings reveal that BocaSR undergoes N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification at multiple sites, whi...
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作者：Zhou, Shan; Solomon, Barry D.; Brown, Marilyn A.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Michigan Technological University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) are one of the most prevalent and impactful clean energy policies implemented by states in the United States. This paper investigates the regional spillover effect of RPS policies using a directed dyad panel dataset of renewable electricity generation in US states from 1991 to 2021. Regional spillover effect is measured in two ways: by considering the influence of an RPS enacted in neighboring states and in states in the same regional transmission organizat...
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作者：Brady, Laura M.; Wang, Cong; Griffiths, Camilla; Yang, Jenny; Markus, Hazel R.; Fryberg, Stephanie A.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Northwestern University; Stanford University; American Institutes for Research
摘要：Despite an abundance of support for culturally inclusive learning environments, there is little consensus regarding how to change educational contexts to effectively and sustainably foster cultural inclusion. To address this gap, we report findings from a research-practice partnership that leveraged the Culture Cycle Framework (CCF) to expand educators' praxis to include both independent and interdependent models of self. Most U.S. schools validate independent cultural models (i.e., those that...
