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作者：Park, Daehun; Fujise, Kenshiro; Wu, Yumei; Lujan, Rafael; Del Olmo-Cabrera, Sergio; Wesseling, John F.; De Camilli, Pietro
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Catholic University of Korea; Catholic University of Korea; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche
摘要：Members of the synaptophysin and synaptogyrin family are vesicle proteins with four transmembrane domains. In spite of their abundance in synaptic vesicle (SV) membranes, their role remains elusive and only mild defects at the cellular and organismal level are observed in mice lacking one or more family members. Here, we show that coexpression with synapsin in fibroblasts of each of the four brain-- enriched members of this family-synaptophysin, synaptoporin, synaptogyrin 1, and synaptogyrin 3...
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作者：Tili, Esmerina; Otsu, Hajime; Commisso, Teresa L.; Palamarchuk, Alexey; Balatti, Veronica; Michaille, Jean-Jacques; Nuovo, Gerard James; Croce, Carlo M.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; James Cancer Hospital & Solove Research Institute
摘要：Elevated levels of miR-155- 155 in solid and liquid malignancies correlate with aggressiveness of the disease. In this manuscript, we show that miR-155- 155 targets transcripts encoding IcosL, the ligand for Inducible T- cell costimulator (Icos), thus impairing the ability of T cells to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. We specifically found that over- expression of miR-155- 155 in B cells of E mu- miR- 155 mice causes loss of IcosL expression as they progress toward malignancy. Similar...
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作者：Batachari, Lakshmi E.; Dai, Alyssa Y.; Troemel, Emily R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Upon sensing viral RNA, mammalian RIG- I- like receptors (RLRs) activate downstream signals using caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs), which ultimately promote transcriptional immune responses that have been well studied. In contrast, the downstream signaling mechanisms for invertebrate RLRs are much less clear. For example, the Caenorhabditis elegans RLR DRH-1- 1 lacks annotated CARDs and up-- regulates the distinct output of RNA interference. Here, we found that similar to mam...
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作者：Buijs, Ned P.; Vlaming, Halana C.; Kotsogianni, Ioli; Arts, Melina; Willemse, Joost; Duan, Yunhao; Alexander, Francesca M.; Cochrane, Stephen A.; Schneider, Tanja; Martin, Nathaniel I.
作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; University of Bonn; Queens University Belfast
摘要：Bacitracin is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic that is widely used as a topical treatment for infections caused by gram-- positive bacteria. Mechanistically, bacitracin targets bacteria by specifically binding to the phospholipid undecaprenyl pyrophosphate (C55PP), 55 PP), which plays a key role in the bacterial lipid II cycle. Recent crystallographic studies have shown that when bound to C55PP, 55 PP, bacitracin adopts a highly ordered amphipathic conformation. In doing so, all hydrophobic si...
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作者：De Freitas, Julian
作者单位：Harvard University
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作者：Guney, Mehmet Hakan; Nagalekshmi, Karthika; McCauley, Sean Matthew; Carbone, Claudia; Aydemir, Ozkan; Luban, Jeremy
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Ragon Institute
摘要：Intron-- containing RNA expressed from the HIV- 1 provirus activates type 1 interferon in primary human blood cells, including CD4+T + T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. To identify the innate immune receptor required for detection of intron-- containing RNA expressed from the HIV- 1 provirus, a loss- of-- function screen was performed with short hairpin RNA-- expressing lentivectors targeting twenty- one candidate genes in human monocyte-- derived dendritic cells. Among the candidate ...
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作者：Kennett, James P.; Kennett, Douglas J.; Culleton, Brendan J.; Tortosa, J. Emili Aura; Bischoff, James L.; Bunch, Ted E.; Daniel Jr, I. Randolph; Erlandson, Jon M.; Ferraro, David; Firestone, Richard B.; Goodyear, Albert C.; Israde-Alcantara, Isabel; Johnson, John R.; Pardo, Jesus F. Jorda; Kimbel, David R.; LeCompte, Malcolm A.; Lopinot, Neal H.; Mahaney, William C.; Moore, Andrew M. T.; Moore, Christopher R.; Ray, Jack H.; Stafford Jr, Thomas W.; Tankersley, Kenneth Barnett; Wittke, James H.; Wolbach, Wendy S.; West, Allen
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作者：Pomiechowska, Barbara; Brody, Gabor; Teglas, Erno; Kovacs, agnes Melinda
作者单位：University of Birmingham; University of Birmingham; Brown University
摘要：Combinatorial thought, or the ability to combine a finite set of concepts into a myriad of complex ideas and knowledge structures, is the key to the productivity of the human mind and underlies communication, science, technology, and art. Despite the importance of combinatorial thought for human cognition and culture, its developmental origins remain unknown. To address this, we tested whether 12-mo-old- mo- old infants (N N = 60), who cannot yet speak and only understand a handful of words, c...
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作者：Qin, Li; Deng, Ya-nan; Zhang, Xiang-yun; Tang, Ling-hui; Zhang, Chun - rui; Xu, Shi-min; Wang, Ke; Wang, Mei- hua; Zhang, Xian - hui; Su, Min; Xie, Qi; Hendrickson, Wayne A.; Chen, Yu-hang
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：Stomata in leaves regulate gas (carbon dioxide and water vapor) exchange and water transpiration between plants and the atmosphere. SLow Anion Channel 1 (SLAC1) mediates anion efflux from guard cells and plays a crucial role in controlling stomatal aperture. It serves as a central hub for multiple signaling pathways in response to environmental stimuli, with its activity regulated through phosphorylation via various plant protein kinases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying SLAC1 phosp...
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作者：McDonald, Gavin; Bone, Jennifer; Costello, Christopher; Englander, Gabriel; Raynor, Jennifer
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; The World Bank; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs) is a core focus of global conservation efforts, with the 30x30 initiative to protect 30% of the ocean by 2030 serving as a prominent example of this trend. We consider a series of proposed MPA network expansions of various sizes, and we forecast the impact this increase in protection would have on global patterns of fishing effort. We do so by building a predictive machine learning model trained on a global dataset of satellite-based fishing vesse...
