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作者：Luo, Yuxuan; Su, Boyang; Hung, Vincent; Luo, Yuhan; Shi, Yonghong; Wang, Guizhi; de Graaf, Dennis; Dinarello, Charles A.; Spaner, David E.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Sunnybrook Health Science Center; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado Denver; University of Bonn; Radboud University Nijmegen; University of Toronto; University of Toronto
摘要：Nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) is a pathogenic factor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that is not addressed specifically by current therapies. NF kappa B is activated by inflammatory factors that stimulate toll- like receptors (TLRs) and receptors for interleukin-1 (IL- 1) family members. IL- 1 is considered a master regulator of inflammation, and IL- 1 receptor signaling is inhibited by the IL- 1 receptor antagonist anakinra. These considerations suggested that anakinra might have ...
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作者：Plotnik, Joshua M.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); City University of New York (CUNY) System
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作者：Yuk, Jisoo; Jung, Sunghwan
作者单位：Cornell University
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作者：Stieger, James R.; Pinheiro-Chagas, Pedro; Fang, Ying; Li, Jian; Lusk, Zoe; Perry, Claire M.; Girn, Manesh; Contreras, Diego; Chen, Qi; Huguenard, John R.; Spreng, R. Nathan; Edlow, Brian L.; Wagner, Anthony D.; Buch, Vivek; Parvizi, Josef
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; South China Normal University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; McGill University; University of Pennsylvania; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：For the human brain to operate, populations of neurons across anatomical structures must coordinate their activitywithin milliseconds. To date, our understanding of such interactions has remained limited. We recorded directly from the hippocampus (HPC), posteromedial cortex (PMC), ventromedial/orbital prefrontal cortex (OFC), and the anterior nuclei of the thalamus (ANT) during two experiments of autobiographical memory processing that are known from decades of neuroimaging work to coactivate ...
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作者：Mei, Baicheng; Grest, Gary S.; Liu, Songyue; O'Connor, Thomas C.; Schweizer, Kenneth S.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Conformationally fluctuating, globally compact macromolecules such as polymeric rings, single- chain nanoparticles, microgels, and many- arm stars display complex dynamic behaviors due to their rich topological structure and intermolecular organization. Synthetic rings are hybrid objects with conformations that display both ideal random walk and compact globular features, which can serve as models of genomic DNA. To date, emphasis has been placed on the effect of ring molecular weight on their...
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作者：Mestre, Rafael; Astobiza, Anibal M.; Webster-Wood, Victoria A.; Ryan, Matt; Saif, M. Taher A.
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Basque Country; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Goethe University Frankfurt; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：The industrial revolution of the 19th century marked the onset of an era of machines and robots that transformed societies. Since the beginning of the 21st century, a new generation of robots envisions similar societal transformation. These robots are biohybrid: part living and part engineered. They may self-assemble and emerge from complex interactions between living cells. While this new era of living robots presents unprecedented opportunities for positive societal impact, it also poses a h...
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作者：Pandey, Saurabh; Han, Wenyan; Li, Jun; Shepard, Ryan; Wu, Kunwei; Castellano, David; Tian, Qingjun; Dong, Lijin; Li, Yan; Lu, Wei
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
摘要：Current treatments of anxiety and depressive disorders are plagued by considerable side effects and limited efficacies, underscoring the need for additional molecular targets that can be leveraged to improve medications. Here, we have identified a molecular cascade triggered by chronic stress that exacerbates anxiety- and depressive- like behaviors. Specifically, chronic stress enhances Src kinase activity and tyrosine phosphorylation of resulting in decreased inhibitory transmission and heigh...
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作者：Blackmore, Elizabeth N.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Yale University
摘要：In the centuries following Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage to the Americas, transoceanic travel opened unprecedented pathways in global pathogen circulation. Yet no biological transfer is a single, discrete event. We use mathematical modeling to quantify historical risk of shipborne pathogen introduction, exploring the respective contributions of journey time, ship size, population susceptibility, transmission intensity, density dependence, and pathogen biology. We contextualize our results...
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作者：Boury, Samuel; Weady, Scott; Ristroph, Leif
作者单位：New York University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
摘要：The recognizable shapes of landforms arise from processes such as erosion by wind or water currents. However, explaining the physical origin of natural structures is challenging due to the coupled evolution of complex flow fields and three-dimensional (3D) topographies. We investigate these issues in a laboratory setting inspired by yardangs, which are raised, elongate formations whose characteristic shape suggests erosion of heterogeneous material by directional flows. We combine experiments ...
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作者：Guerreiro, Ines C.; Clopath, Claudia
作者单位：Imperial College London
摘要：Theoretical models conventionally portray the consolidation of memories as a slow process that unfolds during sleep. According to the classical Complementary Learning Systems theory, the hippocampus (HPC) rapidly changes its connectivity during wakefulness to encode ongoing events and create memory ensembles that are later transferred to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during sleep. However, recent experimental studies challenge this notion by showing that new information consistent with prior kno...
