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作者：Stafl, Krystof; Travnicek, Martin; Janovska, Anna; Kucerova, Dana; Pecnova, Lubomira; Yang, Zhiqi; Stepanec, Vladimir; Jech, Lukas; Salker, Madhuri S.; Hejnar, Jiri; Trejbalova, Katerina
作者单位：Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：Syncytin-1, a human fusogenic protein of retroviral origin, is crucial for placental syncytiotrophoblast formation. To mediate cell- to- cell fusion, Syncytin-1 requires specific interaction with its cognate receptor. Two trimeric transmembrane proteins, Alanine, Serine, Cysteine Transporters 1 and 2 (ASCT1 and ASCT2), were suggested and widely accepted as Syncytin-1 cellular receptors. To quantitatively assess the individual contributions of human ASCT1 and ASCT2 to the fusogenic activity of ...
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作者：Taylor, Isaiah W.; Patharkar, O. Rahul; Mijar, Medhavinee; Hsu, Che-Wei; Baer, John; Niederhuth, Chad E.; Ohler, Uwe; Benfey, Philip N.; Walker, John C.
作者单位：Duke University; Washington University (WUSTL); Michigan State University; Helmholtz Association; Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：Abscission is the programmed separation of plant organs. It is widespread in the plant kingdom with important functions in development and environmental response. In Arabidopsis, abscission of floral organs (sepals, petals, and stamens) is controlled by two receptor- like protein kinases HAESA (HAE) and HAESA LIKE- 2 (HSL2), which orchestrate the programmed dissolution of the abscission zone connecting floral organs to the developing fruit. In this work, we use single- cell RNA sequencing to c...
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作者：Goda, Makoto; Shribak, Michael; Ikeda, Zenki; Okada, Naobumi; Tani, Tomomi; Goshima, Gohta; Oldenbourg, Rudolf; Kimura, Akatsuki
作者单位：Marine Biological Laboratory - Woods Hole; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; Nagoya University; Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST)
摘要：Organelles in cells are appropriately positioned, despite crowding in the cytoplasm. However, our understanding of the force required to move large organelles, such the nucleus, inside the cytoplasm is limited, in part owing to a lack of accurate methods for measurement. We devised a method to apply forces to the nucleus of living Caenorhabditis elegans embryos to measure the force generated inside the cell. We used centrifuge polarizing microscope to apply centrifugal force and orientation- i...
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作者：Liu, Wenjie; Yao, Yushi; Meng, Jia; Qian, Shuhao; Han, Yubing; Zhou, Lingxi; Wang, Tao; Chen, Youhua; Chen, Lingmei; Ye, Zitong; Xu, Liang; Zhang, Meng; Qiu, Jianrong; Han, Tao; Liu, Xu; Kuang, Cuifang; Ding, Zhihua; Liu, Zhiyi
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; University of Oxford; Zhejiang University; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Cytoskeleton remodeling which generates force and orchestrates signaling and trafficking to govern cell migration remains poorly understood, partly due to a lack of an investigation tool with high system flexibility, spatiotemporal resolution, and computational sensitivity. Herein, we developed a multimodal superresolution imaging system-based architecture- driven quantitative (ADQ) framework in spatiotemporal- angular hyperspace to enable both identification of the optimal imaging mode with w...
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作者：Abhimanyu; Longlax, Santiago Carrero; Nishiguchi, Tomoki; Ladki, Malik; Sheikh, Daanish; Martinez, Amera L.; Mace, Emily M.; Grimm, Sandra L.; Caldwell, Thaleia; Varela, Alexandra Portillo; V. Sekhar, Rajagopal; Mandalakas, Anna M.; Mlotshwa, Mandla; Ginidza, Sibuse; Cirillo, Jeffrey D.; Wallis, Robert S.; Netea, Mihai G.; van Crevel, Reinout; Coarfa, Cristian; Dinardo, Andrew R.
作者单位：Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College Medical Hospital; Baylor College of Medicine; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; University of Texas System; German Center for Infection Research; Leibniz Association; Forschungszentrum Borstel; University of Johannesburg; Vanderbilt University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Vanderbilt University; Radboud University Nijmegen; University of Bonn; University of Oxford
摘要：Severe and chronic infections, including pneumonia, sepsis, and tuberculosis (TB), induce long- lasting epigenetic changes that are associated with an increase in all- cause postinfectious morbidity and mortality. Oncology studies identified metabolic drivers of the epigenetic landscape, with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle acting as a central ylation, after infection- induced immune tolerance. The following studies demonstrate mitigated by inhibitors of cellular metabolism (rapamycin, ever...
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作者：Vijayrajratnam, Sukhithasri; Milek, Sonja; Maggi, Stefano; Ashen, Kaleigh; Ferrell, Micah; Hasanovic, Ahmet; Holgerson, Agnieszka; Kannaiah, Shanmugapriya; Singh, Manpreet; Ghosal, Debnath; Jensen, Grant J.; Vogel, Joseph P.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Zurich; California Institute of Technology; Brigham Young University; Michigan State University; University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne
摘要：The Legionella pneumophila Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system (T4BSS) is a large, multisubunit complex that exports a vast array of substrates into eukaryotic host cells. DotO, a distant homolog of the T4ASS ATPase VirB4, associates with the bacterial inner membrane despite lacking hydrophobic transmembrane domains. Employing a genetic approach, we found DotO's membrane association is mediated by three inner-membrane Dot/Icm components, IcmT, and a combined DotJ-DotI complex (referred to as Dot...
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作者：Xu, Jianquan; Ghanekarade, Asieh; Li, Li; Zhu, Huifeng; Yuan, Hailin; Yan, Jinsong; Simmons, David S.; Tsui, Ophelia K. C.; Wang, Xinping
作者单位：Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Using angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and molecular dynamics simulations, we verify that the glass transition temperature (T-g) of polymer glass is lower near the free surface. However, the experimental T-g-gradients showed a linear variation with depth (z) from the free surface, while the simulated equilibrium T-g-gradients exhibited a double exponential z-dependence. In typical simulations, T-g is...
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作者：Xiao, Xu; Tontonoz, Peter
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者：Yu, Wangjing; Zadbood, Asieh; Chanales, Avi J. H.; Davachi, Lila
作者单位：Columbia University; New York University; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
摘要：No sooner is an experience over than its neural representation begins to be transformed through memory reactivation during offline periods. The lion's share of prior research has focused on understanding offline reactivation within the hippocampus. However, it is hypothesized that consolidation processes involve offline reactivation in cortical regions as well as coordinated reactivation in the hippocampus and cortex. Using fMRI, we presented novel and repeated paired associates to participant...
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作者：Cobb, Anna; Mohan, Aniruddh; Harper, Corey D.; Nock, Destenie; Michalek, Jeremy
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Princeton University; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We assess racial disparities in the service quality of app-based ride-hailing services, like Uber and Lyft, by simulating their operations in the city of Chicago using empirical data. To generate driver cancellation rate disparities consistent with controlled experiments (up to twice as large for Black riders as for White riders), we estimate that more than 3% of drivers discriminate by race. We find that the capabilities of ride- hailing technology to rapidly rematch after a cancellation and ...
