-
作者：Wu, Zhanghui; Wang, Yiran; Wu, Tielin; Wang, Yelingyi; Chen, Weipeng; Zhou, Chucheng; Ma, Ming; Zheng, Quanshui
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
摘要：Sliding electrical contacts are commonly applied in electrical connectors, such as conductive slip rings, pantographs, switches, and commutators. However, they suffer from several unavoidable problems caused by friction and wear, including high energy consumption, intermittent failures, limited life, and even failure disasters. In this study, we realized an ultralow- friction and long- distance wear- free state, defined as structural superlubricity (SSL), between sliding electrical interfaces ...
-
作者：Ghasemlou, Saba; Li, Xinyue; Galimberti, Daria R.; Nikitin, Timur; Fausto, Rui; Xu, Jialiang; Holleman, Steven; Rasing, Theo; Cuppen, Herma M.
作者单位：Radboud University Nijmegen; Universidade de Coimbra; Istanbul Kultur University; Nankai University; University of Amsterdam
摘要：The drastic shape deformation that accompanies the structural phase transition in thermosalient materials offers great potential for their applications as actuators and sensors. The microscopic origin of this fascinating effect has so far remained obscure, while for technological applications, it is important to learn how to drive transitions from one phase to another. Here, we present a combined computational and experimental study, in which we have successfully identified the order parameter...
-
作者：Marshall, Eleanor K. P.; Nunes, Catarina; Burbaud, Sophie; Vincent, Crystal M.; Munroe, Natalie O.; da Silva, Carolina J. Simoes; Wadhawan, Ashima; Pearson, William H.; Sangen, Jasper; Boeck, Lucas; Floto, R. Andres; Dionne, Marc S.; Medzhitov, Ruslan
作者单位：Imperial College London; Imperial College London; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); University of Cambridge; University of Basel; Papworth Hospital
摘要：Host-pathogen interactions are shaped by the metabolic status of both the host and pathogen. The host must regulate metabolism to fuel the immune response, while the pathogen must extract metabolic resources from the host to enable its own survival. In this study, we focus on the metabolic interactions of Mycobacterium abscessus with Drosophila melanogaster. We identify MAB_1132c as an asparagine transporter required for pathogenicity in M. abscessus. We show that this requirement is specifica...
-
作者：Xie, Dongying; Ma, Yiming; Ye, Pohao; Liu, Yiqing; Ding, Qiutao; Huang, Gefei; Felix, Marie- Anne; Cai, Zongwei; Zhao, Zhongying
作者单位：Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong Baptist University; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Hong Kong Baptist University
摘要：The establishment of reproductive barriers such as postzygotic hybrid incompatibility (HI) remains the key to speciation. Gene duplication followed by differential functionalization has long been proposed as a major model underlying HI, but little supof the nematode Caenorhabditis nigoni specifically inactivates an essential phosphoglucomutase encoded by Cbr- shls- 1 in its sister species Caenorhabditis briggsae and onic death. Cni- neib- 1 is one of thirty- three paralogues emerging from a re...
-
作者：Guo, Hongbo; Xu, Jiaqi; Situ, Jianwen; Li, Chunyang; Wang, Xia; Hou, Yao; Yang, Guangde; Wang, Lingli; Ying, Dong; Li, Zheng; Wang, Zijie; Su, Jia; Ding, Yibo; Zeng, Dou; Zhang, Jikai; Ding, Xiaohui; Wu, Shusheng; Miao, Weiwei; Tang, Renxian; Lu, Yihan; Kong, Huihui; Zhou, Peng; Zheng, Zizheng; Zheng, Kuiyang; Pan, Xiucheng; Sridhar, Siddharth; Wang, Wehshi
作者单位：Xuzhou Medical University; University of Hong Kong; Xuzhou Medical University; Xiamen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS; Guangzhou Laboratory; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS
摘要：Classically, all hepatitis E virus (HEV) variants causing human infection belong to the genus Paslahepevirus (HEV- A). However, the increasing cases of rat HEV infection in humans since 2018 challenged this dogma, posing increasing health threats. Herein, we investigated the underlying mechanisms dictating the zoonotic potentials of different HEV species and their possible cross- protection relationships. rat HEV particles penetrated the cell membrane and entered human target cells postbinding...
-
作者：Annapooranan, Raja; Yeerella, Ram Hemanth; Chambers, Robert J.; Li, Chenghai; Cai, Shengqiang
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：The fabrication of pressure- sensitive adhesives (PSA) using liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) that are tolerant to substrate roughness is explored in this work. Traditional soft adhesives are designed by maintaining a balance between their cohesive strength and compliance. However, rough surfaces can significantly affect the adhesion strength of PSAs. Lowering the stiffness of the adhesive by reducing the cross- linking density or using additives can improve contact on rough surfaces. But this ...
-
作者：Li, Ling; Xu, Qicheng; Jiang, Shengjing; Jing, Xin; Shen, Qirong; He, Jin-Sheng; Yang, Yunfeng; Ling, Ning
作者单位：Lanzhou University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Peking University; Peking University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Asymmetric seasonal warming trends are evident across terrestrial ecosystems, with winter temperatures rising more than summer ones. Yet, the impact of such asymmetric seasonal warming on soil microbial carbon metabolism and growth remains poorly understood. Using 18 O isotope labeling, we examined the effects of a decade- long experimental seasonal warming on microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and growth in alpine grassland ecosystems. Moreover, the quantitative stable isotope probing with...
-
作者：Buss, Eric W.; Lofaro, Olivia M.; Barnett, Anastasia; Leroy, Felix; Santoro, Bina; Siegelbaum, Steven A.; Bock, Tobias
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; RWTH Aachen University
摘要：Hyperpolarization- activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels generate the cationic Ih current in neurons and regulate the excitability of neuronal networks. The function of HCN channels depends, in part, on their subcellular localization. Of the four HCN isoforms (HCN1-4), HCN1 is strongly expressed in the dendrites of pyramidal neurons (PNs) in hippocampal area CA1 but also in presynaptic terminals of parvalbumin- positive interneurons (PV+ INs), which provide strong inhibitory contro...
-
作者：Najib, Dalal; Mahmoud, Hussam; Placht, Daniel
作者单位：National Academies of Sciences, Engineering & Medicine; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins
-
作者：Glenn, Skye; Fragasso, Alessio; Lin, Wei-Hsiang; Papagiannakis, Alexandros; Kato, Setsu; Jacobs-Wagner, Christine
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; Yale University; Stanford University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Hiroshima University
摘要：In proliferating bacteria, growth rate is often assumed to be similar between daughter cells. However, most of our knowledge of cell growth derives from studies on symmetrically dividing bacteria. In many alpha-proteobacteria, asymmetric division is a normal part of the life cycle, with each division producing daughter cells with different sizes and fates. Here, we demonstrate that the functionally distinct swarmer and stalked daughter cells produced by the model alpha-proteobacterium Caulobac...
