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作者：Lee, Ki Won; Ryu, Ki-jun; Kim, Minju; Lim, Seyeon; Kim, Jisu; Kim, Jeong Yoon; Hwangbo, Cheol; Yoo, Jiyun; Cho, Yong-Yeon; Kim, Kwang Dong
作者单位：Gyeongsang National University; Gyeongsang National University; Gyeongsang National University; Gyeongsang National University; Gyeongsang National University; Catholic University of Korea; Gyeongsang National University
摘要：Melanosomes are specific organelles dedicated to melanin synthesis and accumulation in melanocytes. Autophagy is suggestively involved in melanosome degradation, although the potential underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In selective autophagy, autophagy receptors and E3- ligases are the key factors conferring cargo selectivity. In B16F10 cells, (3- mangostin efficiently induced melanosome degradation without affecting other organelles such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the end...
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作者：Aikens, Ellen O.; Nourani, Elham; Fiedler, Wolfgang; Wikelski, Martin; Flack, Andrea
作者单位：University of Wyoming; University of Wyoming; Max Planck Society; University of Konstanz; Max Planck Society; University of Konstanz
摘要：How animals refine migratory behavior over their lifetime (i.e., the ontogeny of migration) is an enduring question with important implications for predicting the adaptive capacity of migrants in a changing world. Yet, our inability to monitor the movements of individuals from early life onward has limited our understanding of the ontogeny of migration. The exploration-refinement hypothesis posits that learning shapes the ontogeny of migration in long - lived species, resulting in greater expl...
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作者：McDermott, Amy
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作者：Moon, Hyuk-June; Albert, Louis; De Falco, Emanuela; Tasu, Corentin; Gauthier, Baptiste; Park, Hyeong-Dong; Blanke, Olaf
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); University of Geneva
摘要：Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex (EC) encode an individual's location in space, integrating both environmental and multisensory bodily cues. Notably, body- derived signals are also primary signals for the sense of self. While studies have demonstrated that continuous application of visuo- tactile bodily stimuli can induce perceptual shifts in self- location, it remains unexplored whether these illusory changes suffice to trigger grid cell-like representation (GCLR) within the EC, and how th...
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作者：Huang, William Y. C.; Boxer, Steven G.; Ferrell Jr, James E.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：Translocation of cytoplasmic molecules to the plasma membrane is commonplace in cell signaling. Membrane localization has been hypothesized to increase intermolecular association rates; however, it has also been argued that association should be faster in the cytosol because membrane diffusion is slow. Here, we directly compare an identical association reaction, the binding of complementary DNA strands, in solution and on supported membranes. The measured rate constants show that for a 10-mu m...
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作者：Tassoulas, Lambros J.; Rankin, Joel A.; Elias, Mikael H.; Wackett, Lawrence P.; Rosenzweig, Amy
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Metformin is the first - line treatment for type II diabetes patients and a pervasive pollutant with more than 180 million kg ingested globally and entering wastewater. The drug's direct mode of action is currently unknown but is linked to effects on gut microbiomes and may involve specific gut microbial reactions to the drug. In wastewater treatment plants, metformin is known to be transformed by microbes to guanylurea, although genes encoding this metabolism had not been elucidated. In the p...
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作者：Gaebler, Johann D.; Goel, Sharad
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：In observational studies of discrimination, the most common statistical approaches consider either the rate at which decisions are made (benchmark tests) or the success rate of those decisions (outcome tests). Both tests, however, have well-known statistical limitations, sometimes suggesting discrimination even when there is none. Despite the fallibility of the benchmark and outcome tests individually, here we prove a surprisingly strong statistical guarantee: Under a common nonparametric assu...
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作者：Jansen, Robin A.; Mainardi, Sara; Dias, Matheus Henrique; Bosma, Astrid; van Dijk, Emma; Selig, Roland; Albrecht, Wolfgang; Laufer, Stefan A.; Zender, Lars; Bernards, Rene
作者单位：Netherlands Cancer Institute; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University Hospital; Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
摘要：The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue KRAS is among the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human cancers, thus representing an attractive target for precision oncology. The approval for clinical use of the first selective inhibitors of G12C mutant KRAS therefore holds great promise for cancer treatment. However, despite initial encouraging clinical results, the overall survival benefit that patients experience following treatment with these inhibitors has been disappointing to date,...
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作者：Lutz, Nicolas D.; Martinez- Albert, Estefania; Friedrich, Hannah; Born, Jan; Besedovsky, Luciana
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University Hospital; University of Munich; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD); Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
摘要：Sleep supports the consolidation of episodic memory. It is, however, a matter of ongoing debate how this effect is established, because, so far, it has been demonstrated almost exclusively for simple associations, which lack the complex associative structure of real - life events, typically comprising multiple elements with different association strengths. Because of this associative structure interlinking the individual elements, a partial cue (e.g., a single element) can recover an entire mu...
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作者：Yan, Bo; Gu, Qunfang; Cao, Weiwei; Cai, Biao; Li, Yinwu; Zeng, Zhiping; Liu, Pu; Ke, Zhuofeng; Meng, Sheng; Ouyang, Gang; Yang, Guowei
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Hunan Normal University
摘要：Hydrogen (H2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) play crucial roles as energy carriers and raw materials for industrial production. However, the current techniques for H2 and H2O2 production rely on complex catalysts and involve multiple intermediate steps. In this study, we present a straightforward, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient laser- induced conversion method for overall water splitting to simultaneously generate H2 and H2O2 at ambient conditions without any catalysts. The laser...
